Circumferential hoof clamp method of lameness induction in the horse

Swaab, Megan E.; Méndez-Angulo, José L.; Groschen, D.M.; Ernst, Nicolas S.; Brown, M. P.; Trumble, Troy N.

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.03.026

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…Another potential limitation of this study was the limited clinical applicability of the experimental lameness induction model. A circumferential hoof clamp was used to apply pressure to the hoof capsule, presumably inducing pain in the sensitive laminae , resulting in both push‐off and landing lameness. The hoof clamp was an effective, reliable and quickly reversible method of creating foot lameness; however, it only represents one type of pain encountered in clinical cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Horses had their feet trimmed and balanced, and their hind feet shod. A hoof clamp was applied to both hindlimbs (Fig a), as previously described . Briefly, stainless steel pipe clamps with a width of 1.9 cm and an internal diameter of 10.2–12.9 cm were applied circumferentially around the hoof wall in a dorsoproximal to plantarodistal direction, with the plantar portion of the clamp touching the bars of the shoe.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intra‐articular anaesthesia of the equine stifle improves foot lameness

Radtke

Fortier

Regan

et al. 2019

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Summary Background Equine diagnostic anaesthesia can be a useful tool in challenging lameness examinations. However, anaesthetics diffuse over time leading to nonspecific desensitisation of periarticular structures. Nerves that convey sensation from the distal limb to the central nervous system pass in close proximity to the caudal stifle joint capsule. Therefore, diffusion of intra‐articular (IA) anaesthetics could cause inadvertent desensitisation of the distal limb resulting in a false diagnosis of stifle lameness. Objectives To determine if IA stifle anaesthesia can alleviate lameness originating in the distal limb. Study design Crossover experiment. Methods Nine horses were fitted with a circumferential hoof clamp to induce a moderate unilateral hindlimb lameness. Intra‐articular stifle anaesthesia was performed and gait was evaluated every 10 min during the 90‐min trial using an inertial sensor system. Push‐off and landing components of the lameness were assessed by measuring the mean inter‐stride difference between the maximum and minimum heights of the pelvis respectively. Differences were compared using a Wilcoxon signed‐rank test. Results Overall, horses with hoof clamp‐induced foot pain had a reduction in push‐off lameness after IA stifle anaesthesia. The mean change in diffmax at 90 min was −4.3 mm (P = 0.005) for the experimental group vs. −2.3 mm (P = 0.2) for the control group. Lameness decreased over time, with an average improvement of 23% at 30 min, 33% at 60 min and 38% at 90 min. There was high inter‐horse variability; 3/9 horses improved by ~50% within 30 min, while 2/9 improved by ~30% and 4/9 had minimal (<10%) or no improvement in lameness. Improvement after IA stifle anaesthesia was not related to the severity of baseline lameness (P = 0.3–0.7). Main limitations Limited clinical applicability of our lameness induction model. Conclusions Intra‐articular stifle anaesthesia reduces foot lameness in a third of horses by up to 50% within 30 min. Clinically, the results of IA stifle anaesthesia should be considered in the light of these findings before treatment recommendations are made, as additional diagnostics may be required to rule out pain originating in the distal limb.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra‐articular anaesthesia of the equine stifle improves foot lameness

Radtke

Fortier

Regan

et al. 2019

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Effect of Xylazine and Butorphanol on Experimental Hind Limb Lameness in Horses

Júnior

Côrte

Brass

et al. 2019

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

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Comparison of analgesic and tissue effects of subcutaneous perineural injection of liposomal bupivacaine and bupivacaine hydrochloride in horses with forelimb lameness induced via circumferential clamp

Caston

Hossetter

et al. 2020

ajvr

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OBJECTIVE To evaluate the analgesic and tissue effects of liposomal bupivacaine administered SC as an abaxial sesamoid nerve block in horses with experimentally induced lameness. ANIMALS 6 healthy mature light-breed horses. PROCEDURES In a randomized crossover study, a circumferential hoof clamp was applied to a forelimb to induce reversible lameness. An abaxial sesamoid nerve block of the lame forelimb was performed by SC perineural injection of 10 mg of liposomal bupivacaine or bupivacaine HCl/site. Quantitative gait data were objectively obtained with a body-mounted inertial sensor system before (baseline) and at 30-minute intervals after treatment. Time to return to 85% of baseline lameness was determined. After a minimum 4-day washout period, procedures were repeated with the alternate limb and treatment. Lastly, the palmar digital nerves and perineural tissues were collected and examined histologically. RESULTS SC perineural injection of liposomal bupivacaine ameliorated forelimb lameness in 5 of 6 horses. The median duration of analgesia was not significantly different between liposomal bupivacaine (4.5 hours) and bupivacaine HCl (3.0 hours). Histologically, mild inflammation was noted in 3 of 10 sites injected with liposomal bupivacaine and in none of the sites injected with bupivacaine HCl. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE SC perineural injection of 10 mg of liposomal bupivacaine/site ameliorated experimentally induced forelimb lameness in some horses. At milligram-equivalent doses, liposomal bupivacaine had a similar duration of analgesia to that of bupivacaine HCl. Further investigation is required before recommending clinical use of liposomal bupivacaine for nerve blocks in horses.

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Circumferential hoof clamp method of lameness induction in the horse

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

Intra‐articular anaesthesia of the equine stifle improves foot lameness

Intra‐articular anaesthesia of the equine stifle improves foot lameness

Effect of Xylazine and Butorphanol on Experimental Hind Limb Lameness in Horses

Comparison of analgesic and tissue effects of subcutaneous perineural injection of liposomal bupivacaine and bupivacaine hydrochloride in horses with forelimb lameness induced via circumferential clamp

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