Circulation of canine parvovirus among dogs living in human-wildlife interface in the Atlantic forest biome, Brazil

Abstract

Despite of the role of domestic dogs as reservoirs for threatening viral diseases for wild carnivores, few studies have focused to identify circulation of viruses among dogs living in human/wildlife interfaces. To identify canine parvovirus (CPV) types circulating in dogs living in an Atlantic forest biome, faecal samples (n = 100) were collected at the same period (one week) corresponding to each of four areas, during 2014 to 2016 and corresponded to 100 different individuals. CPV was isolated in cell culture from 67 out 100 (67%) samples from healthy dogs. Cytopathic effects were characterized by total or partial cell culture lysis. Genome sequences of CPV-2a (10%), CPV-2b (7%) and CPV-2c (50%) were concomitantly detected by PCR and nucleotide sequencing. The current study addresses the importance of monitoring CPV circulation among dogs presenting potential contact with wildlife species.

Circulation of diverse protoparvoviruses in wild carnivores, Italy

“…In this study, a total prevalence of 11.4% was observed for Carnivore protoparvovirus‐1 in wild carnivore species, which is comparable to what was reported by other studies elsewhere (Allison et al., 2014; Miranda et al., 2017), but contrasts with the much higher prevalence detected by Duarte et al. (2013) and is much appreciably lower than the prevalence observed in domestic dogs (Vieira et al., 2017). However, the observed parvovirus prevalence could have been biased by a wrong sampling (spleens rather intestinal contents), considering that the detection rates were much higher in the intestines (64%) than in the spleens (only 2.8%).…”

“…CPV was earlier suggested to have originated from FPV through an unknown intermediate wild carnivore (Truyen et al., 1998), implying a transmission directed from cat to wildlife and finally to the domestic dog. Considering relatively higher prevalence of these viruses in domestic than wild carnivores, it was widely accepted that wildlife infections were more likely ‘spillovers’ from domestic pets in the urban cycle (Behdenna et al., 2019; Mendenhall et al., 2016), which may have been facilitated by the contacts of animals at the urban–wildlife interface (Vieira et al., 2017). There are, however, limited doubts that these wild hosts could also serve as virus reservoirs and sources of infection to the domestic animal population (Decaro et al., 2020; Kelman et al., 2020; Van Arkel et al., 2019).…”

The triad “dogs, conservation and zoonotic diseases” – An old and still neglected problem in Brazil

“…Also, the absence of dog pups in the park area indicated that dogs were probably derived from regions around the park, suggesting a steady flow of these animals between the park and urban areas. These results, together with other fundamental studies (Galetti and Sazima, 2006;Srbek-Araujo and Chiarello, 2008;Lacerda et al, 2009;Torres and Prado, 2010;Curi et al, 2016;Lessa et al, 2016;Paschoal et al, 2016;Fernandez et al, 2017;Rosa and Souza, 2017;Vieira et al, 2017;Paschoal et al, 2018), clearly confirm that Brazilian forest areas (mainly those close to urban centers) are strongly influenced by the activity of domestic/free-ranging dogs.…”

Risk and Environmental Factors Associated with the Presence of Canine Parvovirus Type 2 in Diarrheic Dogs from Thessaly, Central Greece

“…Incomplete or no vaccination has been observed more frequently in hunting and shepherd dogs, probably due to the low socio-economic background of their owners [ 16 , 23 ]. These dogs usually live in suburban or rural areas and tend to roam, interacting directly or indirectly with other dogs and/or wildlife species [ 33 ], which could act as potential virus sources. Furthermore, the odds of virus detection did not differ between stray and pet dogs.…”