Circulation of at Least Six Distinct Groups of Pigeon-Derived Newcastle Disease Virus in Iran Between 1996 and 2019

Molouki, Aidin; Soltani, Mohammad; Akhijahani, Mohsen Mahmoudzadeh; Merhabadi, Mohammad Hossein Fallah; Abtin, Alireza; Shoushtari, A; Langeroudi, Arash Ghalyanchi; Lim, Swee Hua Erin; Allahyari, Esmaeel; Abdoshah, Mohammad; Pourbakhsh, Seyed Ali

doi:10.1007/s00284-021-02505-w

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Related isolates were detected in pigeons from Kenya and Nigeria in 2007–2013 ( 26 ). Similar sequences were also reported from China (GB# MN422262) and Iran ( 40 ). Genotype VI, otherwise termed Pigeon Paramyxovirus 1 (PPMV1), was reported in Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Iran more than two decades ago ( 21 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Genotype VI, otherwise termed Pigeon Paramyxovirus 1 (PPMV1), was reported in Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Iran more than two decades ago ( 21 ). It was reported again in Iran in 2012 and thereafter ( 40 ). Viruses of this group are part of the 3rd ND panzootic that started in the Middle East, possibly in Iraq in 1978, and then spread to other parts of the world ( 3 , 41 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Detection of Avian Orthoavulavirus-1 genotypes VI.2.1 and VII.1.1 with neuro-viscerotropic tropism in some backyard pigeons (Columbidae) in Eastern Saudi Arabia

Al-Mubarak,

Al-Kubati,

Sheikh

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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IntroductionAvian orthoavulavirus-1 (AOAV1) has a wide host range, including domestic and wild birds. The present study aimed to identify the currently circulating AOAV1 strains from some outbreaks in some backyard pigeons in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia (ERSA).MethodsTracheal/cloacal swabs and tissue specimens were collected from eight backyards in Al-Ahsa, ERSA, between January 2021 and March 2023. Samples were tested for the presence of AOAV1 using commercial real-time RT-PCR. Part of the fusion gene was also amplified by gel-based RT-PCR, and the obtained amplicons were sequenced.Results and discussionAOAV1 was detected in samples from the eight flocks. The retrieved sequences from samples of 6/8 pigeon backyards are reported. Phylogenetic analysis based on the obtained sequences from these backyard pigeons showed the segregation of the obtained sequences in AOAV1 genotypes VI.2.1 and VII.1.1. Clinically, nervous manifestations were dominant in pigeons infected with both genotypes. Respiratory manifestations and significantly higher overall mortality rate were induced by genotype VI.2.1. The deduced amino acid sequences of the fusion protein cleavage site (FPCS) showed that all the detected isolates belong to velogenic strains. Differences in clinical profiles induced by the natural infection of pigeons with AOAV1 genotypes VI.2.1 and VII.1.1 were reported. The present findings highlight the potential roles of some backyard pigeons in the long-distance spread and cross-species transmission of the reported AOAVI genotypes. Further research is required to perform biotyping and pathotyping of the reported strains.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Detection of Avian Orthoavulavirus-1 genotypes VI.2.1 and VII.1.1 with neuro-viscerotropic tropism in some backyard pigeons (Columbidae) in Eastern Saudi Arabia

Al-Mubarak,

Al-Kubati,

Sheikh

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…In Iran, this sub-genotype was also detected in other avian species such as pigeons, magpie, pheasant, turkey, peacock and ostrich (Khosravi et al, 2021;Molouki et al, 2021aMolouki et al, , 2021b. Since then, this sub-genotype is considered as the predominant sub-genotype in Iran (Khosravi et al, 2021;Molouki et al, 2021b). Based on updated classification by Dimitrov et al (2019), genotype VII is classified into three sub-genotypes, VII.1.1, VII.1.2, and VII.2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Areas affected by ND outbreaks are where most of the commercial poultry farms in Sabah are located (Anon, 2019). In Iran, this sub-genotype was also detected in other avian species such as pigeons, magpie, pheasant, turkey, peacock and ostrich (Khosravi et al, 2021;Molouki et al, 2021aMolouki et al, , 2021b. Since then, this sub-genotype is considered as the predominant sub-genotype in Iran (Khosravi et al, 2021;Molouki et al, 2021b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Firstly, is the spillover of sub-genotype VII.1.1 virus from wild birds into poultry (Khosravi et al, 2021). In Iran, other than commercial and backyard chickens, sub-genotype VII.1.1 was also isolated in other avian species (Khosravi et al, 2021;Molouki et al, 2021aMolouki et al, , 2021b. Bidirectional spillovers occasionally disseminate virulent strains among wild bird species and chicken populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of Newcastle Disease Virus sub-genotype VII 1.1 isolated from chickens in Sabah, Malaysia

et al. 2022

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Newcastle disease (ND) is an extremely contagious and fatal viral disease causing huge economic losses to the poultry industry. Following recent ND outbreaks in Sabah in commercial poultry and backyard farms, it was speculated that this could be due to a new introduction of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) genotype/sub-genotype. Here we report the genetic characterization of NDVs isolated from Sabah during early 2021. All isolates were amplified and sequenced with primers specific to the viral fusion (F) gene using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Nucleotide sequence analysis of the F gene showed that all isolates shared similar homology of 99.4% with NDV strain from Iran isolated in 2018. Amino acid sequences of the F protein cleavage site revealed the motif of 112 RRQKRF 117 indicating all isolates were of virulent strain. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that all isolates were clustered under sub-genotype VII 1.1 and clustered together with isolates from Iran (previously known as subgenotype VIIl). The present findings suggested that there is an emerging of a new sub-genotype into the poultry population in Sabah and this sub-genotype has never been reported before in Malaysia. Therefore, transboundary monitoring and continuous surveillance should be implemented for proper control and prevention of the disease. A further molecular epidemiological analysis of NDV is needed to well understand the circulatory patterns of virulent strains of NDV in the country to prevent future outbreaks.

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Molecular characterization and phylogenetic study of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase gene of newcastle disease virus isolated from peacock (Pavo cristatus) and Turkey (Meleagris) and its comparison with broiler isolates

et al. 2023

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Circulation of at Least Six Distinct Groups of Pigeon-Derived Newcastle Disease Virus in Iran Between 1996 and 2019

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Detection of Avian Orthoavulavirus-1 genotypes VI.2.1 and VII.1.1 with neuro-viscerotropic tropism in some backyard pigeons (Columbidae) in Eastern Saudi Arabia

Detection of Avian Orthoavulavirus-1 genotypes VI.2.1 and VII.1.1 with neuro-viscerotropic tropism in some backyard pigeons (Columbidae) in Eastern Saudi Arabia

Identification of Newcastle Disease Virus sub-genotype VII 1.1 isolated from chickens in Sabah, Malaysia

Molecular characterization and phylogenetic study of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase gene of newcastle disease virus isolated from peacock (Pavo cristatus) and Turkey (Meleagris) and its comparison with broiler isolates

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