Circulation and distribution of autotransfused fresh, liquid‐preserved and cryopreserved baboon platelets

Abstract

Cryopreserved platelets and liquid-preserved platelets stored at 22 degrees C for 5 days had reduced survival 2 h post-transfusion and reduced life span values compared to fresh platelets. In addition, the finding of increased radioactivity over the liver in the baboons that received cryopreserved and liquid-preserved platelets suggested that the liver was the site for removal of the non-viable platelets.

Preliminary validation of a new standard of efficacy for stored platelets

“…1), Because recovery is based on an estimate of blood volume dependent on gender, height, and weight, an erroneous estimate would be expected to affect all calculations of recovery in a subject; however, recoveries after 5 or 7 days in these subjects were in the range of expected values. Furthermore, these results were not different than those noted by Valeri et al 19 with reinfusion of fresh platelets to baboons. Although no explanation is immediately apparent for the high recoveries of the “fresh” platelets in these three subjects, these observations attest to the lack of damage to the platelets during the collection process and would, if anything, have created a more exacting standard to be met in the recoveries of the platelets after storage.…”

Novel and unexpected clearance mechanisms for cold platelets

“…We have found that as with short-term cooling, biotinylated or radiolabeled platelets refrigerated for 48 h in plasma (designated throughout the following text as long-term refrigerated platelets) are removed from the recipients’ circulation by the liver [68, 69] but, unexpectedly by hepatocytes [69] and not by Kupffer cells (macrophages), as we previously reported for short-term cooled isolated platelets [40]. The in situ finding that hepatocytes can ingest long-term refrigerated platelets was confirmed using cultured hepatocyte cell lines (HepG2 cells) and human platelet concentrates refrigerated for up to 10 days.…”

Platelet Storage Temperature – How Low Can We Go?

“…Like short-term refrigerated platelets, long-term refrigerated platelets are rapidly removed in the liver following transfusion [74]. Since prolonged storage in the cold increases the binding of the galactose-specific lectin RCA I (Hoffmeister et al, unpublished), we postulate that galactose residue clustering engages a different lectin-based recognition system from the previously defined αMβ2-βGlcNAc interaction.…”

“…Historically, nonhuman primates have been used for in vivo studies of platelets. The main advantages of nonhuman primates are the similarity of their platelets to those of humans, in terms of survival times, in vitro function, and blood counts, and the fact that sufficient blood can be obtained to mimic human storage conditions [55,[74][75][76][77][78]. Unfortunately, studies in nonhuman primates are constrained by their high cost and limited availability.…”