Circulating pediatric respiratory pathogens in Taiwan during 2020: Dynamic change under low COVID-19 incidence

Sim, Jun Yi; Chen, Yu-Chin; Hsu, Wei-Yun; Chen, Wei-Yu; Chou, Yun; Chow, Julie Chi; Lai, Yi-Ching; Tang, Hung‐Jen; Chen, Chi‐Chung; Ho, Chung‐Han; Chang, Tu‐Hsuan

doi:10.1016/j.jmii.2022.03.005

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(29 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…1 ) suggest that a small number of hospitals with relatively high testing frequencies are elevating the mean value, while the majority of hospitals are rarely testing LRTI patients for RSV infection. More than one-third of the hospitals from the PHD database had RSV testing frequency close to zero percent, further supporting the implication that any reported RSV incidence rate would likely be an underestimated value [ 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Low Levels of RSV Testing Among Adults Hospitalized for Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in the United States

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI)-related hospitalizations in older adults. Without RSV-specific treatment for adults, testing is uncommon, leading to potential underestimation of RSV incidence in real-world data studies. This study aimed to quantify the frequency of RSV testing during LRTI-related hospitalizations of older adults to inform interpretation of incidence estimates. Methods Administrative and billing data for hospitalizations of adults aged ≥ 65 years with a primary or secondary diagnosis of LRTI during the 2016–2019 RSV seasons (October–April) were extracted from the US all-payer Premier Healthcare Database (PHD). Billing codes identified RSV tests administered during eligible hospitalizations. The proportion of LRTI-related hospitalizations with a billed RSV test was calculated for each hospital in PHD, and summarized descriptively by hospital bed size, teaching status, and population served. Results Most of the 937 study hospitals performed RSV testing infrequently during LRTI hospitalization; median percentage of LRTI hospitalizations with RSV testing was 4.3%, and 78.4% of hospitals performed RSV testing in less than 25% of LRTI-related hospitalizations. RSV testing varied extensively by hospital type. Median percentage tested was significantly higher for hospitals with ≥ 200 beds (9.1%) versus < 200 beds (1.6%), for teaching (11.0%) versus non-teaching (2.5%) hospitals, and in urban (7.4%) versus rural (0.7%) settings. The median percentage of RSV testing increased over time, from 0.8% to 6.3% between the 2016/17 and 2018/19 seasons. Conclusion A small proportion of older adults hospitalized with LRTI are tested for RSV in US hospitals. Large variability occurs across hospital types. Consequently, retrospective database analyses likely result in a substantial underestimation of the true RSV-related hospitalization incidence. RSV incidence studies using real-world data need to assess for RSV testing frequency and adjust their results for under ascertainment associated with limited testing. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40121-023-00758-5.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Low Levels of RSV Testing Among Adults Hospitalized for Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in the United States

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As previously described, adenovirus was in persistent circulation during 2020 when the incidence of COVID-19 was low [ 52 ]. Our results showed that adenovirus was the second most prevalent pathogen (13.8%, 38/275) ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Chong YM et al showed that the high prevalence of respiratory viruses in adults with severe acute respiratory infections was mainly attributed to rhinovirus/enterovirus [ 51 ]. In Taiwan, Sim YJ et al demonstrated that rhinovirus/enterovirus and adenovirus were in almost persistent circulation during 2020 [ 52 ]. Indeed, our study showed that rhinovirus/enterovirus was in persistent circulation during the study period ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Viral Respiratory Infections during the COVID-19 Pandemic Using the FilmArray Respiratory Panel

Chen

2022

Biomedicines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study was conducted to evaluate the distribution of respiratory viral pathogens in the emergency department during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Between May 2020 and September 2022, patients aged between 0.1 and 98 years arrived at the emergency department of Asia University Hospital, and samples from nasopharyngeal swabs were tested by the FilmArrayTM Respiratory Panel (RP). SARS-CoV-2 positivity was subsequently retested by the cobas Liat system. There were 804 patients for whom the FilmArrayTM RP was tested, and 225 (27.9%) of them had positive results for respiratory viruses. Rhinovirus/enterovirus was the most commonly detected pathogen, with 170 (61.8%) cases, followed by adenovirus with 38 (13.8%), SARS-CoV-2 with 16 (5.8%) cases, and coronavirus 229E, with 16 (5.8%) cases. SARS-CoV-2 PCR results were positive in 16 (5.8%) cases, and there were two coinfections of SARS-CoV-2 with adenovirus and rhinovirus/enterovirus. A total of 43 (5.3%) patients were coinfected; the most coinfection was adenovirus plus rhinovirus/enterovirus, which was detectable in 18 (41.9%) cases. No atypical pathogens were found in this study. Intriguingly, our results showed that there was prefect agreement between the detection of SARS-CoV-2 conducted with the cobas Liat SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A/B nucleic acid test and the FilmArrayTM RP. Therefore, the FilmArrayTM RP assay is a reliable and feasible method for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. In summary, FilmArrayTM RP significantly broadens our capability to detect multiple respiratory infections due to viruses and atypical bacteria. It provides a prompt evaluation of pathogens to enhance patient care and clinical selection strategies in emergency departments during the COVID-19 pandemic.

show abstract

“…10 Influenza and other respiratory virus activities during the COVID-19 pandemic have changed under the implementation of nonpharmaceutical interventions, such as the use of face masks, social distancing, and lockdowns. 11 However, the relaxation of COVID-19 containment and mitigation measures will lead to a substantial resurgence of influenza and other respiratory viruses. 11 In this study, we analyzed the clinical predictors of severe influenza among children, leveraging the demographics, baseline underlying diseases, vaccination status, bacterial coinfections, and chest X-ray findings of the patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 However, the relaxation of COVID-19 containment and mitigation measures will lead to a substantial resurgence of influenza and other respiratory viruses. 11 In this study, we analyzed the clinical predictors of severe influenza among children, leveraging the demographics, baseline underlying diseases, vaccination status, bacterial coinfections, and chest X-ray findings of the patients. Therefore, we can provide high-risk pediatric patients with timely management to reduce the medical burden and complications and discover preventive strategies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical predictors of and vaccine protection against severe influenza infection in children

Tsai

Liu

Chang

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Influenza infection in children causes a tremendous global burden. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical predictors of severe influenza among children. We retrospectively included hospitalized children who had laboratory‐confirmed influenza infection and were admitted to a medical center in Taiwan between 2010 and 2018. Severe influenza infection was defined as needing intensive care. We compared demographics, comorbidities, vaccine status and outcomes between patients with severe and nonsevere infection. There were 1030 children hospitalized for influenza infection: 162 patients needed intensive care and 868 patients did not. Multivariable analysis revealed that an age below 2 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.22–4.95), underlying cardiovascular disease (aOR 1.84, 95% CI 1.04–3.25), neuropsychological (aOR 4.09, 95% CI 2.59–6.45) or respiratory disease (aOR 3.87, 95% CI 1.42–10.60), patchy infiltrates (aOR 2.52, 95% CI 1.29–4.93), pleural effusion (aOR 6.56, 95% CI 1.66–25.91), and invasive bacterial coinfection (aOR 21.89, 95% CI 2.19–218.77) were significant clinical predictors of severe disease, whereas severe infection was less likely in individuals who had received influenza and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) (aOR 0.51, 95% CI 0.28–0.91; aOR 0.35, 95% CI 0.23–0.51, respectively). The most significant risk factors associated with severe influenza infection were an age under 2 years, comorbidities (cardiovascular, neuropsychological, and respiratory diseases), patchy infiltrates or effusion shown on chest X‐rays, and bacterial coinfections. The incidence rate of severe disease was significantly lower in those who had received influenza vaccines and PCVs.

show abstract

Circulating pediatric respiratory pathogens in Taiwan during 2020: Dynamic change under low COVID-19 incidence

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Low Levels of RSV Testing Among Adults Hospitalized for Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in the United States

Low Levels of RSV Testing Among Adults Hospitalized for Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in the United States

Distribution of Viral Respiratory Infections during the COVID-19 Pandemic Using the FilmArray Respiratory Panel

The clinical predictors of and vaccine protection against severe influenza infection in children

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About