Circulating nucleic acids as a new diagnostic tool

Urbanová, Markéta; Plzák, Jan; Strnad, Hynek; Betka, Jan

doi:10.2478/s11658-010-0004-6

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…The functions of the different EVs are still poorly understood, but exosomes are the most thoroughly characterised (Barteneva et al, ). Exosomes are released into various body fluids where they are broken down or can perform functional roles often associated with intercellular communication (Urbanova et al, ; Peters & Pretorius, ). There are reports of MVs and exosomes of different sources containing transposable elements, single‐stranded DNA, genomic DNA in rats (Serrano‐Heras, García‐Olmo & García‐Olmo, ) and mtDNA.…”

Section: Sources Of Circulating Cfdnamentioning

confidence: 99%

The diverse origins of circulating cell‐free DNA in the human body: a critical re‐evaluation of the literature

et al. 2018

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Since the detection of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in human plasma in 1948, it has been investigated as a non-invasive screening tool for many diseases, especially solid tumours and foetal genetic abnormalities. However, to date our lack of knowledge regarding the origin and purpose of cfDNA in a physiological environment has limited its use to more obvious diagnostics, neglecting, for example, its potential utility in the identification of predisposition to disease, earlier detection of cancers, and lifestyle-induced epigenetic changes. Moreover, the concept or mechanism of cfDNA could also have potential therapeutic uses such as in immuno- or gene therapy. This review presents an extensive compilation of the putative origins of cfDNA and then contrasts the contributions of cellular breakdown processes with active mechanisms for the release of cfDNA into the extracellular environment. The involvement of cfDNA derived from both cellular breakdown and active release in lateral information transfer is also discussed. We hope to encourage researchers to adopt a more holistic view of cfDNA research, taking into account all the biological pathways in which cfDNA is involved, and to give serious consideration to the integration of in vitro and in vivo research. We also wish to encourage researchers not to limit their focus to the apoptotic or necrotic fraction of cfDNA, but to investigate the intercellular messaging capabilities of the actively released fraction of cfDNA and to study the role of cfDNA in pathogenesis.

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Section: Sources Of Circulating Cfdnamentioning

confidence: 99%

The diverse origins of circulating cell‐free DNA in the human body: a critical re‐evaluation of the literature

et al. 2018

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“…The detection of these targets using the nanopore has advanced considerably over the past ten years [46], and this has led to promising developments of new bioanalytic and diagnostic tools [58]. Unfortunately, the low physiological concentrations of many of these biomarkers [162–165] can dramatically lower the rate at which a target molecule enters the nanopore. This requires the enrichment of the target and limits the practical applications of nanopore-based sensors [165].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomedical diagnosis perspective of epigenetic detections using alpha-hemolysin nanopore

Wang¹,

2015

AIMS Materials Science

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The α-hemolysin nanopore has been studied for applications in DNA sequencing, various single-molecule detections, biomolecular interactions, and biochips. The detection of single molecules in a clinical setting could dramatically improve cancer detection and diagnosis as well as develop personalized medicine practices for patients. This brief review shortly presents the current solid state and protein nanopore platforms and their applications like biosensing and sequencing. We then elaborate on various epigenetic detections (like microRNA, G-quadruplex, DNA damages, DNA modifications) with the most widely used alpha-hemolysin pore from a biomedical diagnosis perspective. In these detections, a nanopore electrical current signature was generated by the interaction of a target with the pore. The signature often was evidenced by the difference in the event duration, current level, or both of them. An ideal signature would provide obvious differences in the nanopore signals between the target and the background molecules. The development of cancer biomarker detection techniques and nanopore devices have the potential to advance clinical research and resolve health problems. However, several challenges arise in applying nanopore devices to clinical studies, including super low physiological concentrations of biomarkers resulting in low sensitivity, complex biological sample contents resulting in false signals, and fast translocating speed through the pore resulting in poor detections. These issues and possible solutions are discussed.

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“…In the case of hyperosmolar solution, the urothelial cells may die as a consequence of dehydration, caused by changes in molecular protein-protein interaction and nucleic acid structure. The development of the detection of circulating nucleic acids provides screening for several disorders [20]. Therefore, such a diagnostic tool may be applied in the evaluation of bladder disorders; however, large-scale studies are strongly required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of hyperosmolar stimuli and cyclophosphamide on the culture of normal rat urothelial cells in vitro

Juszczak¹,

Kaszuba-Zwoińska

Chorobik

et al. 2012

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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Highly concentrated urine may induce a harmful effect on the urinary bladder. Therefore, we considered osmolarity of the urine as a basic pathomechanism of mucosal damage. The influence of both cyclophosphamide (CYP) and hyperosmolar stimuli (HS) on the urothelium are not well described. The purpose was to evaluate the effect of CYP and HS on rat urothelial cultured cells (RUCC). 15 Wistar rats were used for RUCC preparation. RUCC were exposed to HS (2080 and 3222 mOsm/l NaCl) for 15 min and CYP (1 mg/ml) for 4 hrs. APC-labelled annexin V was used to quantitatively determine the percentage of apoptotic cells and propidium iodide (PI) as a standard flow cytometric viability probe to distinguish necrotic cells from viable ones. 23.7 ± 3.9% and 26.0 ± 1.5% apoptotic cells, respectively, 14.3 ± 1.4% and 19.4 ± 2.7% necrotic cells, respectively and 60.5 ± 1.4% and 48.6 ± 5.3% dead cells, respectively. The effect of CYP on RUCC was similar to the effect of HS. After CYP the apoptotic and necrotic cells were 23.1 ± 0.3% and 17.9 ± 7.4%, respectively. The percentage of dead cells was 57.7 ± 10.8%. CYP and HS induced apoptosis and necrosis in RUCC. 3222 mOsm/l HS had the most harmful effect based on the percentage of necrotic and apoptotic cells.

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Circulating nucleic acids as a new diagnostic tool

Cited by 24 publications

References 78 publications

The diverse origins of circulating cell‐free DNA in the human body: a critical re‐evaluation of the literature

The diverse origins of circulating cell‐free DNA in the human body: a critical re‐evaluation of the literature

Biomedical diagnosis perspective of epigenetic detections using alpha-hemolysin nanopore

The effect of hyperosmolar stimuli and cyclophosphamide on the culture of normal rat urothelial cells in vitro

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