Circulating neuroendocrine markers in patients with prostate carcinoma

Berruti, Alfredo; Dogliotti, Luigi; Mosca, Alessandra; Bellina, M.; Mari, M.; Torta, M.; Tarabuzzi, R.; Bollito, Enrico; Fontana, Dario; Angeli, Alberto

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(20000601)88:11<2590::aid-cncr23>3.0.co;2-d

Cited by 115 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Contrary to what has been reported by others (7,18,23), we were unable to find a significant correlation of preoperative serum CgA and its immunohistochemical expression with serum PSA, thereby suggesting a different behavior of neuroendocrine cells with respect to the (24,25), serum NSE in our series did not seem to be a useful tumor marker of NED in organ-confined CaP. Our data are in line with those reported by Slodkowska et al, who stated that NSE expression in the tumor and a mild increase in serum NSE are poor markers for distinguishing NED in non-small cell lung carcinomas (26).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

“…The decision to use serum neuroendocrine markers (circulating CgA and NSE) as the expression of neuroendocrine activity in CaP was based on the demonstration that serum levels of neuroendocrine markers, particularly CgA, could reflect the neuroendocrine activity of prostate cancer, which correlates with the number of CgA-positive neuroendocrine cells and disease stage (16). Increased circulating levels of CgA are more commonly found in patients with metastatic and hormone-refractory disease (7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NED phenomenon in CaP is quite interesting and must be distinguished from what is seen in the rare small-cell prostate carcinomas or carcinoid-like tumors that represent only 1-2% of all prostate malignancies and are considered "pure" neuroendocrine tumors (7). Most of the published studies treat NED in the context of advanced CaP, suggesting its relationship with a poor prognosis and disease progression (8,9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Possible Role of Chromogranin A as a Prognostic Factor in Organ-Confined Prostate Cancer

Grimaldi¹,

Valotto

Barbina

et al. 2006

Int J Biol Markers

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ABSTRACT:The clinical significance of neuroendocrine differentiation in patients who have undergone surgery for localized prostate cancer is still unclear. The aims of this study were to assess the relationship between serum neuroendocrine markers and well-known prognostic factors in prostate cancer (pathological staging, definitive Gleason score and serum PSA) and to search for correlations between serum chromogranin A (CgA) levels and pathological findings. Forty-one consecutive patients who had undergone radical retropubic prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer were evaluated. Serum PSA, CgA and neuron-specific enolase were measured immediately before surgery. Twenty-six surgical specimens were phenotypically and immunohistochemically evaluated using an antibody against CgA.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Possible Role of Chromogranin A as a Prognostic Factor in Organ-Confined Prostate Cancer

Grimaldi¹,

Valotto

Barbina

et al. 2006

Int J Biol Markers

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“…In patients with prostate cancer, CgA correlates with both clinical disease stage and the degree to which the cancer has become hormone refractory. 58 Positive immunohistochemical staining of tumor tissue for CgA is an independent predictor of cancer progression in well differentiated and moderately differentiated prostate cancers. 59 In patients with hormone-refractory disease, elevated serum CgA is a significant predictor of poor prognosis independent of serum PSA and other prognostic factors.…”

Section: Ne Differentiation In Hrpcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…59 In patients with hormone-refractory disease, elevated serum CgA is a significant predictor of poor prognosis independent of serum PSA and other prognostic factors. 53,54,58,[60][61][62][63] Finally, in a gene-expression profiling experiment of primary prostate cancers, Singh et al demonstrated that the gene for CgA is 1 of 5 genes that correlate strongly with Gleason score and that this 5-gene-expression model alone accurately predicted outcome after radical prostatectomy. 64 The function of NE differentiation has been studied extensively.…”

Section: Ne Differentiation In Hrpcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a role for platinum chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with hormone‐refractory prostate cancer?

Tay

Huang

2006

Cancer

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Docetaxel chemotherapy is the current standard of care for metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC). Platinum chemotherapy drugs, such as cisplatin and carboplatin, have moderate single-agent activity in HRPC. Next-generation platinum drugs, including satraplatin and oxaliplatin, may have additional activity in the management of HRPC. Furthermore, neuroendocrine differentiation may play a role in disease progression, providing a rationale for platinum-based chemotherapy in the management of HRPC. The authors reviewed the MEDLINE database for reports related to platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced prostate cancer and evaluated studies that reviewed the role of neuroendocrine differentiation in the progression of HRPC. Older studies from the 1970s and 1980s suggested a lack of activity of cisplatin and carboplatin; however, those studies were flawed at least in part by their methods of response assessment. More recent Phase II studies of carboplatin suggested a moderate level of clinical and palliative activity when it was used as a single agent. However, when carboplatin was combined with a taxane and estramustine, high response rates were observed in several recent clinical trials. In addition, a randomized trial suggested that satraplatin plus prednisone improved progression-free survival compared with prednisone alone. For patients who progressed after docetaxel, no standard options existed in the literature that was reviewed. Several preliminary reports suggested that carboplatin and oxaliplatin may have activity as second-line chemotherapy. Platinum chemotherapy drugs historically have been considered inactive in HRPC, although a review of the data suggested otherwise. Carboplatin, in particular, induced very high response rates when it was combined with estramustine and a taxane, but it also appeared to have activity in patients who progressed after docetaxel. Satraplatin plus prednisone is being investigated in a large Phase III trial as second-line chemotherapy for HRPC. Targeting neuroendocrine cells may provide a new therapeutic approach to HRPC.

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