Circulating matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases levels in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease: Relationship to cardiac functions

Abstract

Objective: The pathological effects of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in cardiovascular diseases are of considerable interest. In our study, we aimed to determine and evaluate the potential significance of circulating matrix metalloproteinases-2 and 9, tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases-1 and 2 levels in four patient subgroup of pediatric cardiology field and expose pathophysiologic differences between these groups. Methods: Eighty-seven patients with the diagnosis of congenital heart disease and 47 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. The study group was stratified to 4 subgroups; 14 patients with right ventricular volume overload, 30 patients with left ventricular volume overload, 19 patients with left to right shunt who developed pulmonary hypertension and 24 patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease. For evaluation of the relationships between serum matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors levels with cardiac structures and functions; complete blood count, arterial oxygen saturation, detailed echocardiographic measurements (including tissue Doppler) in all patients and hemodynamic parameters of the patients who went to cardiac catheterization were recorded. Serum matrix metalloproteinase levels were determined by ELISA test. Statistical evaluations were performed with SPSS 16.0. For parameters showing normal distribution, comparisons were made with t-test and ANOVA test. However, for parameters without normal distribution, groups were compared with Mann-Whitney U test and KruskalWallis test. Results: We demonstrated that serum tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases-1 levels of patients with pulmonary hypertension secondary to congenital heart diseases were significantly higher than the patients with left to right shunt without pulmonary hypertension and controls (p<0.01). Although serum matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors levels in patients with cyanotic congenital heart diseases and patients with right or left ventricular volume overload were found to be altered when compared with controls but not significant. Conclusion: Our data may suggest the possible role of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors on myocardial remodeling in congenital heart defects and especially in patients who developed pulmonary hypertension. (Anadolu Kardiyol Derg 2014; 14: 531-41)

Correlation between Serum Level of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 with Left Ventricular End-diastolic Volume in Children with Heart Failure

“…A study by Cheng et al in pediatric population showed a significant increase in serum level of MMP2 in CHD children with VSD compared to the control group, with a p < 0.01 [16]. Another study by Kihc et al on pediatric population with CHD showed that there was no significant increase in serum level of MMP in the cyanotic CHD group compared to the control group [17]. A study by Yamazaki et al in adult population showed that the serum level of MMP2 was significantly higher in patients with severe heart failure than in patients with mild heart failure, with a p < 0.01 [18].…”

Ventricular function and biomarkers in relation to repair and pulmonary valve replacement for tetralogy of Fallot

“…31 Furthermore, other biomarkers of collagen and other matrix metalloproteinase subtypes have been related to outcomes in congenital heart disease. [32][33][34] However, their role in the perioperative setting has scarcely been studied. Whether PC2 also relates to features of unrepaired ToF other than cyanosis-such as right ventricular pressure load, right ventricular hypertrophy or diminished flow in the pulmonary circulation-could not be established.…”

“…Previous research found that preoperative cyanosis may affect platelet function and increase platelet aggregation 31. Furthermore, other biomarkers of collagen and other matrix metalloproteinase subtypes have been related to outcomes in congenital heart disease 32–34. However, their role in the perioperative setting has scarcely been studied.…”

Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) Level in Tuberculosis Exposed and Infected Children

“…This is same with the research by Kilic et al in Turkey showed no significant difference between the levels of MMP-9 in the age group with a value of p>0.05. [14] Research by Lee et al in Korea showed that there was no significant difference between the expression levels of MMP-9 age group, with a p value 0.820. [15] The analyses of the comparison between the levels of MMP-9 and nutritional status showed no significant difference (p value of 0.70).…”