Circulating levels of the long pentraxin PTX3 correlate with severity of infection in critically ill patients

Müller, Beat; Peri, Giuseppe; Doni, Andrea; Torri, Valter; Landmann, Régine; Bottazzi, Barbara; Mantovani, Alberto

doi:10.1097/00003246-200107000-00017

Cited by 301 publications

(290 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This was consistent with the positive correlations between IL‐6 levels and severity scores, such as SOFA scores and APACHE II scores, observed in critically ill patients 5, 14, 15. Initial levels of IL‐6 in post‐cardiac arrest patients were likely to reflect SOFA scores more closely, compared to PCT or CRP 6.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Serum levels of interleukin‐6 may predict organ dysfunction earlier than SOFA score

Shimazui

Matsumura

Nakada

et al. 2017

Acute Medicine & Surgery

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AimTo investigate the clinical utility of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), procalcitonin (PCT), and C‐reactive protein (CRP) as predictive markers in consideration of the time‐course changes in critically ill patients with organ dysfunction.MethodsSerum levels of IL‐6, PCT, CRP, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores were measured sequentially in 92 patients during their initial 5 days following admission to the intensive care unit. Maximum values were analyzed. Patients were assigned to a low ( ≤ 8), intermediate ( > 8 and ≤ 16), or high ( > 16 and ≤ 24) SOFA score group.ResultsThere were significant differences in the maximum serum levels of IL‐6 and PCT among the three SOFA score groups (IL‐6, P < 0.0001; PCT, P = 0.0004). Specifically, comparisons between the groups revealed significant differences in IL‐6 levels (low versus intermediate, P = 0.0007; intermediate versus high, P = 0.0010). The probability of patients with the maximum value was greatest on day 1 (56.5%) for IL‐6, on day 1 (39.1%) or day 2 (38.0%) for PCT, on day 3 (39.1%) for CRP, and on day 1 (43.5%) for SOFA score. The median (interquartile range) peak day of IL‐6 was day 1 (1–2), which was significantly earlier than that of SOFA score at day 2 (1–3) (P = 0.018).ConclusionSerum levels of IL‐6 reflected the severity of organ dysfunction in critically ill patients most accurately compared to PCT and CRP. Interleukin‐6 elevated soonest from the insult and reached its peak earlier than SOFA score.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Serum levels of interleukin‐6 may predict organ dysfunction earlier than SOFA score

Shimazui

Matsumura

Nakada

et al. 2017

Acute Medicine & Surgery

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“…PTX3 concentrations were detected using an ELISA assay previously described [11,16]. For Northern analysis total RNA was extracted by the guanidinium thiocyanate or by TRIzol method in according to manufacturer's instructions (Invitrogen, Life Technologies), blotted, and hybridized as described [7].…”

Section: Ptx3 Protein and Transcripts Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PTX3 is rapidly produced and released by diverse cell types, in particular by mononuclear phagocytes and endothelial cells, in response to primary inflammatory cytokines, in vitro and in vivo [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Increased circulating levels of this protein have been detected in different infectious and inflammatory conditions [11,[14][15][16]. PTX3 does not bind classical pentraxin ligands [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of the soluble pattern recognition receptor PTX3 by myeloid, but not plasmacytoid, dendritic cells

et al. 2003

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PTX3 is a prototypic of long pentraxin consisting of an N-terminal portion coupled to a Cterminal pentraxin domain, the latter related to short pentraxins (C-reactive protein and serum amyloid P component). PTX3 is a soluble pattern recognition receptor, which plays a non-redundant role in resistance against selected pathogens and in female fertility. The present study was designed to analyze the production of PTX3 by human dendritic cells (DC) and to define the role of different innate immunity receptors in its induction. Human monocyte-derived DC produced copious amounts of PTX3 in response to microbial ligands engaging different members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family (TLR1 through TLR6), whereas engagement of the mannose receptor had no substantial effect. DC were better producers of PTX3 than monocytes and macrophages. Freshly isolated peripheral blood myeloid DC produced PTX3 in response to diverse microbial stimuli. In contrast, plasmacytoid DC exposed to influenza virus or to CpG oligodeoxynucleotides engaging TLR9, did not produce PTX3. PTX3-expressing DC were present in inflammatory lymph nodes from HIVinfected patients. These results suggest that DC of myelomonocytic origin are a major source of PTX3, a molecule which facilitates pathogen recognition and subsequent activation of innate and adaptive immunity.

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“…This is supported by studies showing the ability of PTX3 to bind to the C1q component of the complement cascade (12) and to participate in the clearance of apoptotic cells (16). Moreover, PTX3 is elevated in critically ill patients, with a gradient from systemic inflammatory response syndrome to septic shock (17), and in several other diseases, such as myocardial infarction (18), rheumatoid arthritis (19), atherosclerosis (20), and small vessel vasculitis (21).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Long Pentraxin Ptx3 Is Synthesized in IgA Glomerulonephritis and Activates Mesangial Cells

Bussolati

Peri

Salvidio

et al. 2003

The Journal of Immunology

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The long pentraxin PTX3 has been recently involved in amplification of the inflammatory reactions and regulation of innate immunity. In the present study we evaluated the expression and role of PTX3 in glomerular inflammation. PTX3 expression was investigated in the IgA, type I membranoproliferative, and diffuse proliferative lupus glomerulonephritis, which are characterized by inflammatory and proliferative lesions mainly driven by resident mesangial cells, and in the membranous glomerulonephritis and the focal segmental glomerular sclerosis, where signs of glomerular inflammation are usually absent. We found an intense staining for PTX3 in the expanded mesangial areas of renal biopsies obtained from patients with IgA glomerulonephritis. The pattern of staining was on glomerular mesangial and endothelial cells. Scattered PTX3-positive cells were also detected in glomeruli of type I membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. The concomitant expression of CD14 suggests an inflammatory origin of these cells. Normal renal tissue and biopsies from patients with the other glomerular nephropathies studied were mainly negative for PTX3 expression in glomeruli. However, PTX3-positive cells were detected in the interstitium of nephropathies showing inflammatory interstitial injury. In vitro, cultured human mesangial cells synthesized PTX3 when stimulated with TNF-α and IgA and exhibited specific binding for recombinant PTX3. Moreover, stimulation with exogenous PTX3 promoted mesangial cell contraction and synthesis of the proinflammatory lipid mediator platelet-activating factor. In conclusion, we provide the first evidence that mesangial cells may both produce and be a target for PTX3. The detection of this long pentraxin in the renal tissue of patients with glomerulonephritis suggests its potential role in the modulation of glomerular and tubular injury.

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Circulating levels of the long pentraxin PTX3 correlate with severity of infection in critically ill patients

Abstract: The long pentraxin PTX3 is elevated in critically ill patients and correlates with severity of disease and infection. Compared with the short pentraxin C-reactive protein, PTX3 may be a more direct indicator of tissue involvement by inflammatory and infectious processes.

Cited by 301 publications

References 16 publications

Serum levels of interleukin‐6 may predict organ dysfunction earlier than SOFA score

Serum levels of interleukin‐6 may predict organ dysfunction earlier than SOFA score

Production of the soluble pattern recognition receptor PTX3 by myeloid, but not plasmacytoid, dendritic cells

The Long Pentraxin Ptx3 Is Synthesized in IgA Glomerulonephritis and Activates Mesangial Cells

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