Circulating levels of proinflammatory mediators as potential biomarkers of post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis development

Abstract

BackgroundThe identification of biomarkers of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) progression is of clinical importance. The aims of this study were: (1) to assess the abilities of various soluble proinflammatory mediators in plasma to distinguish patients with knee PTOA from controls; (2) to determine the correlations between the mediators in plasma and those mediators in synovial fluid (SF); and (3) to explore the associations of the mediators with radiographic PTOA severity.Materials and methodsThe concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, TNFα, and leptin were measured using ELISA. Nitric oxide was determined as nitrite/nitrate (NOx) using the Griess reaction.ResultsWe included 171 subjects (134 PTOA patients and 37 controls) and excluded patients with rheumatoid arthritis or gout. The ROC curve of plasma NOx had the highest AUC, a specificity of 100%, and a sensitivity of 84.4%. The combination of IL-6 and leptin proved to be the most discriminatory, with an AUC value of 0.933, a specificity of 96.7%, and a sensitivity of 85.7%. The levels of NOx, IL-6, IL-18, and leptin in plasma were significantly correlated with their levels in SF. Leptin levels in both plasma (p = 0.036) and SF (p = 0.041) and the synovial IL-18 level (p = 0.045) were correlated with the Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) grade. Early-stage PTOA (KL 1–2) was associated with a high concentration of IL-1β in plasma before and after (OR 6.235, 95% CI 1.362 to 28.552, p = 0.018) adjusting for age, gender, and BMI.ConclusionsCirculating NOx level and a combination of IL-6 and leptin permitted the strongest discrimination of patients with PTOA from controls. PTOA severity was correlated with leptin levels in plasma and SF and with the synovial IL-18 level. Early PTOA was associated with the circulating level of IL-1β.Level of evidenceIII (case–control study).

Intra Articular Ozone Reduces Serum Uric Acid and Improves Pain, Function and Quality of Life in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients: A Before-and-After Study

“…Srivastava published on patients with knee OA a 5.2-mg/dL of uric acid level, which is very similar to the current study (41). In posttraumatic knee OA, Panina et al reported serum uric acid levels of 5.78 mg/dL or 344 mmol/mL (42). Ding et al stated that female patients with knee OA have lower levels of uric acid (275 mmol/mL) if compared with male patients (362 mmol/mL) (43).…”

Arctigenin prevents the progression of osteoarthritis by targeting PI3K/Akt/NF‐κB axis: In vitro and in vivo studies

“…As a further comment, accumulating evidence has shown that inflammatory mediators, particularly interleukin‐1 beta (IL‐1β), play a significant role in OA progress via promoting the secretion of many pro‐inflammatory factors or catabolic enzymes . Meanwhile, some researchers have found that the level of IL‐1β is dramatically elevated in the synovial liquid, the articular cavity and the serum of OA individuals . Likewise, the secretion of cartilage catabolic enzymes could be up‐modulated by the stimulation of IL‐1β in vitro.…”

Sargassum serratifolium Extract Attenuates Interleukin-1β-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response in Chondrocytes by Suppressing the Activation of NF-κB, p38 MAPK, and PI3K/Akt

“…Among these cytokines, the levels of IL-1β have been reported to be significantly higher in synovial fluid, as well as serum, than in normal individuals [9,10]. When chondrocytes are exposed to IL-1β, the production of ROS and the release of inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ), are increased.…”