Circulating irisin levels are positively associated with endothelium-dependent vasodilation in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients without clinical angiopathy

Xiang, Lin; Xiang, Guangda; Yue, Ling; Zhang, Junxia; Zhao, Lei

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.04.036

Cited by 85 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Two recent studies have focused on the potential relationship between circulating irisin levels and endothelial function. One study found that circulating irisin levels were reduced in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and positively associated with EDV (25). Our previous study found that the circulating irisin level was also reduced in nonhypertensive, nondiabetic obese subjects compared with lean healthy controls (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Irisin improves endothelial function in obese mice through the AMPK-eNOS pathway

Han

Zhang

Hou

et al. 2015

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

108

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Sun X. Irisin improves endothelial function in obese mice through the AMPK-eNOS pathway. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 309: H1501-H1508, 2015. First published September 14, 2015 doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00443.2015.-Irisin is a novel hormone secreted by myocytes. Lower levels of irisin are independently associated with endothelial dysfunction in obese subjects. The objective of this study was to explore whether irisin exerts a direct vascular protective effect on endothelial function in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were given chow or a high-fat diet with or without treatment with irisin. Aortic endothelial function was determined by measuring endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (EDV). Nitric oxide (NO) in the aorta was determined. The effect of irisin on the levels of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Akt, and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation in endothelial cells was determined. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were used to study the role of irisin in the AMPK-eNOS pathway. Acetylcholine-stimulated EDV was significantly lower in obese mice compared with control mice. Treatment of obese mice with irisin significantly enhanced EDV and improved endothelial function. This beneficial effect of irisin was partly attenuated in the presence of inhibitors of AMPK, Akt, and eNOS. Treatment of obese mice with irisin enhanced NO production and phosphorylation of AMPK, Akt, and eNOS in endothelial cells. These factors were also enhanced by irisin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro. Suppression of AMPK expression by small interfering RNA blocked irisin-induced eNOS and Akt phosphorylation and NO production. We have provided the first evidence that irisin improves endothelial function in aortas of high-fat-diet-induced obese mice. The mechanism for this protective effect is related to the activation of the AMPK-eNOS signaling pathway. irisin; endothelial function; nitric oxide; obesity NEW & NOTEWORTHYIrisin improved endothelial function in aortas of high-fat-dietinduced obese mice. The mechanism for the protective effect of irisin is related to activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase-endothelial nitric oxide synthase signaling pathway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Xiang et al (26) found that circulating irisin levels were reduced in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and were positively associated with endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDV). We have also found that serum irisin levels were lower in nonhypertensive, nondiabetic obese subjects compared with lean healthy controls (8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Irisin improves endothelial function in obese mice through the AMPK-eNOS pathway

Han

Zhang

Hou

et al. 2015

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

108

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, increased levels of Irisin are also associated with other metabolic parameters such as BMI, 2 h plasma glucose after OGTT (oral glucose tolerance test), HbA1c and triglycerides [6]. Other studies have related Irisin levels with endothelial dysfunction, assessing the flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) in patients with type 2 diabetes [20,21], and with betatrophin, a cytosine expressed on the liver and on the adipose tissue that rises the proliferation of the β-cells from the pancreatic islets [22].generates the need for research in order to explore the isolation and clinical use of irisin for treatment of disorders related to imbalance in energy demand, obesity and diabetes. Bostrom et al [14] suggested that the increased levels of irisina resulted in improvement on obesity and on glucose homeostasis and it may be used as a therapeutic protein for human metabolic disease and other disorders that are improved with exercise.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Three studies (Choi et al [6], Xie et al [22], Tang et al [25]) used the criteria defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) to characterize the cases of diabetes mellitus; other three (Sanchis Gomar et al [26], Wang et al [20], Zhang et al [27] used the American Diabetes Association criteria, and two of them (Kurdiova et al [12], Xiang et al [21]) did not explain the chosen parameters.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Low Irisin Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus without Current Treatment: A Systematic Review

Alencar¹,

Luna²,

Coelho³

et al. 2017

int arch med

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Background: The Irisin is a myokine associated with the improvement on insulin resistance caused by diet and increased physical energy expenditure. Recent studies have shown that patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) have reduced levels of irisin, showing it as a potential marker for various endocrine and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to verify if T2DM patients never treated or without ongoing treatment have reduced levels of irisin when compared to individuals with other metabolic profiles. Methods and Findings:Systematic review of the literature, considering the primary studies published in 2012 to 2016, with the outcome Irisin levels in patients never treated or without current treatment in the ambience of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The search was conducted through the electronic database Scopus (Elsevier), using the key words: "Irisin", "Human" and "Diabetes Mellitus". From the 91 studies found, 8 met the eligibility criteria. Significant differences were found on levels of irisin in patients with T2DM compared to normoglycemic individuals, obese and/or pre-diabetic. On average, there was a reduction of 15 pg/ml in plasma levels of irisin in diabetics. However, a minority of studies says that this relationship does not exist. Conclusion:Irisin reduced levels were found in patients with T2DMand is also related to lipid profile, with the risk of developing endocrine diseases, such as diabetes and obesity, and high risk for cardiovascular diseases because of its relationship with endothelial dysfunction. This Low Irisin Levels in Patients with IntroductionDiabetes mellitus is the most common chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion and/or activity [1].Its incidence increases gradually each year. The worldwide prevalence of diabetes among adults was 6.4%, affecting 285 million people in 2010, and is expected to increase to 7.7% (ie, 439 million adults) in 2030 [2]. Obesity, especially visceral is one of the most important factors in the development of diabetes through various mechanisms, including increased circulating free fatty acids, secretion of cytokines by white adipose tissue, which ultimately exacerbates insulin resistance, and decreased adiponectin [3], a derived from white adipose tissue cytokine that has been linked to insulin sensitizing activity and cardiovascular protective properties [4]. The brown adipose tissue acts oxidizing chemical energy to produce heat as a defense against hypothermia and obesity [5], may alter insulin sensitivity [6,7,8,9].The reduction in physical activity has also been associated with an increase in the development of chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [10]. One possible explanation for this is the secretion of myokine by the muscular system [11]. Contraction of the skeletal muscle secretes a spectrum of bioactive molecules known as 'myokine', coordinating the flow of energy needed to sustain muscle activity and stimulating the adaptive plasticity of muscle and various ...

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Evaluation of serum levels of Irisin as a marker of endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Ahmed

Nassar

Mohamed

et al. 2023

Endocrino Diabet & Metabol

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Introduction Insulin resistance and obesity have been associated with irisin, a protein in fat cells. The levels of irisin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were significantly lower than those in non‐diabetics. This study aimed to examine the relationship between serum irisin levels and endothelial dysfunction in patients with T2DM. Methods There were 90 participants in this study. We matched 65 patients with T2DM with 25 healthy control participants. A series of tests were performed on the participants, including fasting blood glucose, 2 hours postprandial blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), TG/HDL‐C ratio and albumin/creatinine ratio. In addition to measuring high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP). Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was used for estimating irisin concentrations. Results Flow‐mediated dilation (FMD) was significantly lower in patients with T2DM; however, there was a non‐statistically significant difference between healthy controls and patients with T2DM regarding serum Irisin level. CRP and LDL levels were inversely correlated with circulating irisin levels. In a stepwise regression analysis, only the hs‐CRP and LDL were statistically significant in predicting irisin level. Conclusions In patients with T2DM, serum levels of irisin were inversely correlated with hyperglycaemia, body mass index and per cent body fat; this suggests that detecting irisin levels early can prevent cardiovascular diseases from progressing. According to the study results, serum irisin serves as a predictive marker for early cardiovascular disease, thus preventing the disease from progressing. There is a need for further research in order to understand how irisin contributes to the development of atherosclerosis and the development of diabetic complications.

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Circulating irisin levels are positively associated with endothelium-dependent vasodilation in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients without clinical angiopathy

Cited by 85 publications

References 26 publications

Irisin improves endothelial function in obese mice through the AMPK-eNOS pathway

Irisin improves endothelial function in obese mice through the AMPK-eNOS pathway

Low Irisin Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus without Current Treatment: A Systematic Review

Evaluation of serum levels of Irisin as a marker of endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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