Circulating Chemerin Level and Risk of Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Qi, Xiaolong; Fan, Jiaqi; Zhu, Jiahao; Ling, Yuxiao; Mi, Shuai; Chen, Hanzhu; Fan, Chunhong; Li, Yingjun

doi:10.2217/bmm-2019-0500

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Both pro- and anti-tumoral effects of chemerin have been described according to the type of cancer considered [ 32 – 34 ]. Chemerin levels were found elevated in the blood of patients with many different types of cancer [ 35 ]. Expression in the tumor itself was most often turned down compared with normal tissue in many cancer types, including breast, lung, and prostate cancers, adrenocortical and hepatocellular carcinomas, melanoma, and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The antitumoral effects of chemerin are independent from leukocyte recruitment and mediated by inhibition of neoangiogenesis

et al. 2021

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Chemerin, a multifunctional protein acting through the receptor ChemR23/CMKLR1, is downregulated in various human tumors and was shown to display antitumoral properties in mouse models of cancer. In the present study, we report that bioactive chemerin expression by tumor cells delays the growth of B16 melanoma and Lewis lung carcinoma in vivo . A similar delay is observed when chemerin is not expressed by tumor cells but by keratinocytes of the host mice. The protective effect of chemerin is mediated by CMKLR1 and appears unrelated to the recruitment of leukocyte populations. Rather, tumors grown in the presence of chemerin display a much smaller number of blood vessels, hypoxic regions early in their development, and larger necrotic areas. These observations likely explain the slower growth of the tumors. The anti-angiogenic effects of chemerin were confirmed in a bead sprouting assay using human umbilical vein endothelial cells. These results suggest that CMKLR1 agonists might constitute therapeutic molecules inhibiting the neoangiogenesis process in solid tumors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The antitumoral effects of chemerin are independent from leukocyte recruitment and mediated by inhibition of neoangiogenesis

et al. 2021

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“…Chemerin is a small molecule with pleiotropic functions that acts both through its receptors and as an anti-bacterial defensin. It has been shown to play a role in a variety of inflammatory and metabolic conditions as well as in cancer [ 83 ]. In animal models, genetic modifications to increase or reduce expression of the components of the chemerin system have shown a physiological or pathophysiological role for chemerin in some conditions such as obesity, diabetes, myocardial infarction, and stroke.…”

Section: Discussion and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since chemerin was first identified, investigators have shown in longitudinal, cross-sectional, and case control studies, as well as a few prospective studies, that there are differences in chemerin levels between patients with disease and normal samples. Here a couple of indications will be discussed but more complete reviews of this topic are available [ 69 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 ]. These studies have been able to show a correlation between chemerin levels and disease incidence, severity, or progression.…”

Section: Chemerin Forms and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Chemerin Forms: Their Generation and Activity

2022

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Chemerin is the product of the RARRES2 gene which is secreted as a precursor of 143 amino acids. That precursor is inactive, but proteases from the coagulation and fibrinolytic cascades, as well as from inflammatory reactions, process the C-terminus of chemerin to first activate it and then subsequently inactivate it. Chemerin can signal via two G protein-coupled receptors, chem1 and chem2, as well as be bound to a third non-signaling receptor, CCRL2. Chemerin is produced by the liver and secreted into the circulation as a precursor, but it is also expressed in some tissues where it can be activated locally. This review discusses the specific tissue expression of the components of the chemerin system, and the role of different proteases in regulating the activation and inactivation of chemerin. Methods of identifying and determining the levels of different chemerin forms in both mass and activity assays are reviewed. The levels of chemerin in circulation are correlated with certain disease conditions, such as patients with obesity or diabetes, leading to the possibility of using chemerin as a biomarker.

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“…Most of the women are diagnosed with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), more aggressive than the low-grade serous ovarian cancer and characterized by a poor prognosis [ 5 , 6 ]. Increasing evidence suggests that ovarian cancer, like tumors of different origins, is affected by the adipokine chemerin [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Local and circulating levels of chemerin are positively correlated with BMI and obesity-related biomarkers since it is primarily secreted from white adipose tissues [ 16 ], later studies also showed liver and lung as further sources of this adipokine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Tumoral Effect of Chemerin on Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines Mediated by Activation of Interferon Alpha Response

Schmitt¹,

Gallistl²,

Schüler-Toprak³

et al. 2022

Cancers

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The pleiotropic adipokine chemerin affects tumor growth primarily as anti-tumoral chemoattractant inducing immunocyte recruitment. However, little is known about its effect on ovarian adenocarcinoma. In this study, we examined chemerin actions on ovarian cancer cell lines in vitro and intended to elucidate involved cell signaling mechanisms. Employing three ovarian cancer cell lines, we observed differentially pronounced effects of this adipokine. Treatment with chemerin (huChem-157) significantly reduced OVCAR-3 cell numbers (by 40.8% on day 6) and decreased the colony and spheroid growth of these cells by half. The spheroid size of SK-OV-3 ovarian cancer cells was also significantly reduced upon treatment. Transcriptome analyses of chemerin-treated cells revealed the most notably induced genes to be interferon alpha (IFNα)-response genes like IFI27, OAS1 and IFIT1 and their upstream regulator IRF9 in all cell lines tested. Finally, we found this adipokine to elevate IFNα levels about fourfold in culture medium of the employed cell lines. In conclusion, our data for the first time demonstrate IFNα as a mediator of chemerin action in vitro. The observed anti-tumoral effect of chemerin on ovarian cancer cells in vitro was mediated by the notable activation of IFNα response genes, resulting from the chemerin-triggered increase of secreted levels of this cytokine.

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Circulating Chemerin Level and Risk of Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

The antitumoral effects of chemerin are independent from leukocyte recruitment and mediated by inhibition of neoangiogenesis

The antitumoral effects of chemerin are independent from leukocyte recruitment and mediated by inhibition of neoangiogenesis

Chemerin Forms: Their Generation and Activity

Anti-Tumoral Effect of Chemerin on Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines Mediated by Activation of Interferon Alpha Response

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