Circulating biomarkers for management of cancer therapeutics-related cardiac dysfunction

Abstract

Cancer therapeutics related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) has emerged as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer survivors. Effective clinical management of CTRCD is impeded by a lack of sensitive diagnostic and prognostic strategies. Circulating molecular markers could potentially address this need as they are often indicative of cardiac stress before cardiac damage can be detected clinically. A growing understanding of the underlying physiological mechanisms for CTRCD has inspired research efforts to identify novel pathophysiologically-relevant biomarkers that may also guide development of cardio-protective therapeutic approaches. The purpose of this review is to evaluate current circulating biomarkers of cardiac stress and their potential role in diagnosis and management of CTRCD. We also discuss some emerging avenues for CTRCD-focused biomarker investigations.

Circulating leptin is associated with adverse vascular changes in young adult survivors of childhood cancer

“…Further research is warranted to identify sensitive biomarkers for the detection of early cardiovascular disease in childhood cancer survivors. 11…”

“…However, measurements of these markers in the long-term follow up have low diagnostic capabilities. 11 Nonetheless, knowledge is sparse regarding biomarkers other than troponin and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in childhood cancer survivors. 12 Untargeted analysis of a large number of proteins, proteomics, has been put forward both as a mean to identify novel cardiovascular biomarkers in childhood cancer survivors and to unveil novel mechanisms for developing cardiovascular disease.…”

A longitudinal evaluation of oxidative stress - mitochondrial dysfunction - ferroptosis genes in anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity

“…The function of ORMFs implies the pathways of ANTs, especially the immunological infiltration and the angiogenesis signaling pathway, to be critical issues in the ongoing studies of ANTs-induced cardiotoxicity. Immunity contributed significantly to the occurrence and progression of AIC [ 33 ]. Proteins in the blood represent drug-induced immune-mediated reactions and may potentially be sensitive biomarkers of drug-induced cardiotoxicity.…”

Incidence of adverse cardiovascular events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors and risk factors for left ventricular dysfunction: A single-center prospective clinical study

“…Studies have shown that elevated cardiac biomarkers such as BNP/NT-proBNP, cardiac troponin are associated with subsequent development of CTRCD or LVDD ( 34 ). Furthermore, in some patients, abnormal cardiac biomarkers appeared earlier than the time when LVEF was below normal ( 35 ). Therefore, regular cardiac biomarker testing can aid in the early detection of cardiotoxicity, such as myocarditis, heart failure, and asymptomatic subclinical cardiac injury.…”