Circulating Adhesion Molecules in Humans

Marfella, Raffaele; Esposito, Katherine; Giunta, Riccardo E.; Coppola, Giuseppe; Angelis, Lorenita De; Farzati, Bartolomeo; Paolisso, Giuseppe; Giugliano, Dario

doi:10.1161/01.cir.101.19.2247

Cited by 197 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…We observed a slight, but significant, reduction in soluble ICAM-1 levels when chronic hyperglycemia was reduced by CSII. This is in agreement with a recent study by Marfella et al in patients with Type 2 diabetes, where increased levels of sICAM-1, induced by acute hyperglycemia, were restored when hyperglycemia was corrected with insulin or L-arginine supplementation [32]. Also, elevated levels of TNFa have been demonstrated in patients with Type 1 diabetes during impaired control [34] and elevated levels may induce the expression of ICAM-1.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Hyperglycemia increases the expression of ICAM-1 on endothelial cells [30], and soluble plasma levels of ICAM-1 are increased in patients with Type 1 diabetes [31] and during acute hyperglycemia [32,33]. We observed a slight, but significant, reduction in soluble ICAM-1 levels when chronic hyperglycemia was reduced by CSII.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Age was similar (P ¼ 0.82) in the two groups [improved HbA 1c 36 (30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43) years; unchanged HbA 1c 36 (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41) years], as was diabetes duration, i.e. 20 (14-25) and 24 (15-28) years (P ¼ 0.85), respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Increased plasma fibrin gel porosity in patients with Type I diabetes during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion

Jörneskog

et al. 2003

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis

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Summary. Background: Patients with Type 1 diabetes have a tighter plasma fibrin gel structure, to which impaired glycemic control might contribute. Improved glycemic control can be achieved with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of CSII on plasma fibrin gel properties and circulating markers of inflammatory activity in patients with Type 1 diabetes. Patients and methods: Twenty-eight patients were investigated before and after 4-6 months' treatment with CSII. Fibrin gel structure formed in vitro from plasma samples was investigated by liquid permeation of hydrated fibrin gel networks. Pfibrinogen was analyzed by a syneresis method. Comparisons were made between patients with improved (> 0.5%) and unchanged (< 0.5%) glucosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) during CSII. Results: Eighteen patients showed improved and 10 patients unchanged HbA 1c during CSII. P-fibrinogen, high sensitive C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A-antigen were not significantly changed, while fibrin gel permeability (Ks) and fiber mass-length ratio (m) increased in both groups (P < 0.02). P-insulin and triglycerides decreased (P < 0.05) in both groups, while reductions of total cholesterol and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 were seen only in patients with improved HbA 1c (P < 0.05). Absolute changes in Ks were inversely correlated to changes in plasma fibrinogen (r ¼ 0.50; P < 0.01) and in LDLcholesterol (r ¼ 0.46; P < 0.05). Conclusions: Treatment with CSII in patients with Type 1 diabetes is associated with increased plasma fibrin gel porosity. Slight attenuation of the inflammatory activity was also observed. The changes in fibrin gel porosity seem to be mainly mediated by changes in plasma fibrinogen and blood lipids, and are probably secondary to improved insulin sensitivity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

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Increased plasma fibrin gel porosity in patients with Type I diabetes during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion

Jörneskog

et al. 2003

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis

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“…More recently it has been reported that specifically controlling post-prandial hyperglycaemia using a rapid-acting secretagogue (repaglinide) compared with glyburide resulted in a similar improvement of HbA 1c but was associated with a regression of carotid artery atherosclerosis [28]. In addition to these data, other clinical and experimental studies suggest that post-challenge hyperglycaemia or acute elevation of plasma glucose is deleterious for diverse functions related to atherogenesis [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. Thus, the bulk of epidemiological, clinical and experimental evidence strongly suggests that efforts to monitor and control the common phenomenon of post-prandial hyperglycaemia should have uniquely beneficial effects on the chronic complications of type 2 diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevalence and correlates of post-prandial hyperglycaemia in a large sample of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

et al. 2006

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Aims/hypothesis: Post-prandial glucose may be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and chronic diabetic complications. We tested the hypothesis that post-prandial hyperglycaemia is common in type 2 diabetes, even among patients in apparently good glycaemic control, and that simple clinical characteristics identify subsets of diabetic patients with frequent post-prandial hyperglycaemia. Subjects and methods: Three self-assessed daily blood glucose profiles over a 1-week period, including 18 glucose readings before and 2 h after meals, were obtained from 3,284 unselected outpatients (men 51%; age 63±10 years) with non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus attending 500 different diabetes clinics operating throughout Italy. Results: A post-prandial blood glucose value >8.89 mmol/l (160 mg/dl) was recorded at least once in 84% of patients, and 81% of patients had at least one Δglucose ≥2.22 mmol/l (40 mg/dl). Among patients with apparently good metabolic control, 38% had >40% of post-prandial blood glucose readings >8.89 mmol/l (≥4 of 9 meals in total), and 36% had >40% Δglucose ≥2.22 mmol/l. In multivariate analysis adjusted for pre-prandial glucose levels, older age, longer duration of diabetes, absence of obesity, hyperlipidaemia and hypertension, as well as treatment with sulfonylureas, were significantly associated with greater glucose excursions after meals. Conclusions/interpretation: These results indicate that post-prandial hyperglycaemia is a very frequent phenomenon in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on active treatment; can occur even when metabolic control is apparently good; and can be predicted by simple clinical features.

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“…57 Elevations in plasma glucose levels also are associated with ICAM-1 level increases that decline in response to insulin treatment. 58,59 Hypercholesterolemia produces lesions with a higher lipid content. 51,60 Induction of monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP-1) by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol may assist monocyte diapedesis through the endothelium and into the intima.…”

Section: Risk Factors and Possible Pathogenic Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology and therapeutic targets for ischemic stroke

Levine

2004

Clin Cardiol

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Summary:The increased risk for stroke among those who have had a previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) and the tremendous burden of disability among stroke sufferers make both primary and secondary preventative strategies imperative. An understanding of the pathophysiology of stroke and TIA can help identify appropriate therapeutic targets. Stroke and Heart Disease Shared Pathology and Risk FactorsUnderlying atherosclerosis, which plays a significant role in both ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction (MI), is similar in both conditions. Despite this similarity, however, these two disease states are characterized by distinct differences in pathophysiology that go beyond the mere location of the thrombus. Coronary artery lesions tend to be more fibrotic than those found in the cerebral vasculature. 1, 2 Stroke patients are an extremely heterogeneous group compared with those who have had an MI. There is a variety of sources for the thrombus as well as numerous areas in which ischemic occlusion can occur. The evolution of the consequences of the ischemic event also differs in stroke and MI. Stroke pathology pursues a much longer course than MI, with secondary damage and metabolic sequelae occurring at times up to a month after the initial event. 3 The neurological complications and clinical manifestations following a stroke vary considerably as well, depending upon which areas of the brain were affected and to what degree. Patients may suffer from any combination of cognitive, motor, visual, sensory, language, speech, or mood deficits. Deficits can be discrete or global. Finally, despite the pervasive notion that stroke patients are at increased risk for acute MI, in up to 75% of stroke survivors a subsequent cardiovascular event could be another stroke. 4 However, both stroke and MI share many risk factors. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are important modifiable risk factors for both stroke and heart failure. 5 In fact, cardiovascular disease, including stroke and heart disease, is the primary cause of death in persons with diabetes. 6 Hyperlipidemia is an accepted risk factor for coronary artery disease, and its contribution to ischemic stroke is also important. 7-10 Data from studies indicate that use of the beta-hydroxy-betamethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors or statins (cholesterol-lowering drugs) offers stroke protection and reduces the amount of carotid atheroma, although the mechanisms involved are unclear. [7][8][9][10] Lifestyle factors, such as obesity and smoking, and use of a number of chemical substances, including alcohol and both legal and illegal drugs, have been associated with cardiovascular disease in general and stroke in particular. 7,11,12 Some prescription medications have been associated with an increased incidence of stroke. In the past, early-generation oral contraceptives were found to increase stroke risk, 13 and controversy has surrounded hormone replacement therapy (HRT), with recent findings from the Hormone and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS) a...

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Circulating Adhesion Molecules in Humans

Cited by 197 publications

References 25 publications

Increased plasma fibrin gel porosity in patients with Type I diabetes during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion

Increased plasma fibrin gel porosity in patients with Type I diabetes during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion

Prevalence and correlates of post-prandial hyperglycaemia in a large sample of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Pathophysiology and therapeutic targets for ischemic stroke

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