Circularly Polarized UWB Antenna with Question Mark Shaped Patch for GPR Applications

Abstract

A novel Circularly Polarized (CP) Ultra Wideband (UWB) antenna for Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) applications is presented and discussed in this paper. The proposed antenna is constructed by a question mark shaped radiating patch and a truncated ground plane. A prototype of the designed antenna is fabricated on the FR4-substrate with an overall volume of 0.7λ0×0.793λ0×0.035λ0 at 7 GHz. The simulated results show that the designed antenna has an Impedance Bandwidth (IBW) ranging from 3.14 GHz to 11.88 GHz (116.38%). The CP feature is analyzed and discussed confirming that the antenna maintains a CP radiation characteristic in a broadband with a 3-dB Axial Ratio Bandwidth (ARBW) ranging from 4.13 GHz to 9.28 GHz (76.81%). The measurements were done by utilizing a well calibrated R&S®ZNB Vector Network Analyzer indicating that the fabricated prototype has an IBW nearly ranging from 3.47 GHz to 12.11GHz (110.91%). The results are favorable that ensure the usefulness of this antenna for GPR applications.

Slots and stubs incorporated annular ring-shaped compact microstrip antenna with circular polarization characteristics for wireless UWB communication systems

“…The performance comparison table clearly indicates largest operating bandwidth, wide ARBW, good gain and high radiation efficiency of the suggested radiator as compared to other designs proposed in . Additionally, the suggested antenna offers much better impedance as well as axial ratio bandwidth, maintains attractive size and shows much better radiation characteristics compared to antennas reported in [30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. Hence, compact size, simple design method, superior impedance, radiation characteristics and wide range circular polarization justifies the good candidature of the suggested lost cost UWB antenna for multiple wireless systems including 5.5 GHz Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (Wi-Max), 5.2/5.8 GHz Wireless local area network (WLAN), X-band satellite communication (downlink: 7.25-7.745 GHz, uplink: 7.9-8.4 GHz), other applications in microwave C, X, Ku bands and UWB communication systems.…”

“…The designs reported in supports broadband/wideband operation, which limits its applications for UWB communication systems. The antenna structures referred in [30][31][32][33][34][35][36] are UWB configurations. The performance comparison table clearly indicates largest operating bandwidth, wide ARBW, good gain and high radiation efficiency of the suggested radiator as compared to other designs proposed in .…”

Design and Experimental Evaluation of a Printed Monopole Antenna for GPR Applications

“…Planar patch antennas, in comparison to traditional microwave antennas, have the advantages of being compact, lightweight, inexpensive, and easily integrated into different systems [15]. However, most of these antennas are Ultra-wideband (UWB) [16,17], wideband [18], or processes only a single resonating band [19]. The investigation of multi-band antennas for GPR application is a significant research area that aims to provide greater flexibility in the detection process with different degrees of penetration.…”

A Printed U-Shaped Coplanar Waveguide Feed UWB Antenna for GPR Applications

“…Accordingly, UWB antennas have recently received a large concentration to propose developed systems with efficacious antennas [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. In this context, different GPR antennas have been presented in recent literature, such as those presented in [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. In [13][14], a leaf-shaped antenna having a large size of 38.31 mm× 34.52 mm × 0.8 mm has been proposed for the penetration capability through three materials: sand, wood, and glass in [13], and through sandy soil in [14].…”

“…In [21], a UWB rhombus-shaped antenna has been placed in touch contact with a limited and non-homogeneous solid mass of concrete that is constituted by mixing many materials of different characteristics to test the capability of penetration. A circularly polarized UWB antenna with a question mark-shaped patch has been proposed for GPR application in [22]. Its penetration capability has not been tested in spite of its good characteristics.…”