Circular RNAs: splicing’s enigma variations

Hentze, Matthias W.; Preiß, Thomas

doi:10.1038/emboj.2013.53

Cited by 404 publications

(359 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Instead of being the products of aberrant splicing events, circRNAs are far more complicated previously considered and play essential and distinctive roles in, for example, alimentary cancers. 32,78 Taken together, as non-classical products of transcription, circRNAs are thought to be synthesized co-transcriptionally in the nucleus and are modified in the cytoplasm. CircRNAs can selectively bind to target microRNAs in a sequence specific manner to form the circRNA-RBP complexes that block the functions of microRNAs.…”

Section: Discussion and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circular RNA participates in the carcinogenesis and the malignant behavior of cancer

2016

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Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are long, non-coding RNAs that result from the non-canonical splicing of linear premRNAs. However, the characteristics and the critical role of circRNA in co-/post-transcriptional regulation were not well recognized until the "microRNA sponge" function of circRNA is discovered. Recent studies have mainly been devoted to the function of the circular RNA sponge for miR-7 (ciRS-7) and sex-determining region Y (SRY) by targeting microRNA-7 (miR-7) and microRNA-138 (miR-138), respectively. In this review, we illustrate the specific role of circRNAs in a wide variety of cancers and in regulating the biological behavior of cancers via miR-7 or miR-138 regulation. Furthermore, circRNA, together with its gene silencing ability, also shows its potential in RNA interference (RNAi) therapy by binding to target RNAs, which provides a novel perspective in cancer treatment. Thus, this review concerns the biogenesis, biological function, oncogenesis, progression and possible therapies for cancer involving circRNAs.

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Section: Discussion and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…31 Meanwhile, circRNAs may also function to store, sort or localize RBPs. 32 However, further exploration is still needed to unveil the roles of circRNA-RBP interaction and the functions of circRNA-RBP complexes (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Biogenesis and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular RNA participates in the carcinogenesis and the malignant behavior of cancer

2016

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“…36 Recently, a new class of RNAs has been added to the repertoire of competing RNAs-circular RNA (circRNA), formed by the covalent linkage between the 5 0 and 3 0 ends of an exon by the spliceosome. 37 Two studies showed how a brain-specific circRNA acts as a sponge for a brain-specific miRNA, miR-7, particularly in the neocortex and hippocampus. 38,39 CircRNA expression is regulated in a tissue-and development stage-dependent manner.…”

Section: Mirnas and Their Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The complexity of miRNA-mediated repression

2014

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Since their discovery 20 years ago, miRNAs have attracted much attention from all areas of biology. These short (B22 nt) non-coding RNA molecules are highly conserved in evolution and are present in nearly all eukaryotes. They have critical roles in virtually every cellular process, particularly determination of cell fate in development and regulation of the cell cycle. Although it has long been known that miRNAs bind to mRNAs to trigger translational repression and degradation, there had been much debate regarding their precise mode of action. It is now believed that translational control is the primary event, only later followed by mRNA destabilisation. This review will discuss the most recent advances in our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of miRNA-mediated repression. Moreover, we highlight the multitude of regulatory mechanisms that modulate miRNA function.

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“…Hansen ve arkadaşları ile Memczak ve arkadaşları tarafından yapılan çalışmalarda circRNA tipi olan CIRS-7(CDR1az), miR-7'nin "sponge"u olarak görev aldığı ve böylece miRNA'ların hedef mRNA yerine circRNA'ya bağlanarak miRNA'ların translasyonu inhibe etmesini engellediği gösterilmiştir (Şekil 4). Hansen ve arkadaşları insanların ve farelerin beyinlerinde eksprese olan yaklaşık 1500nt'ten oluşan CIRS-7'nin miR-7'yi bağlayabilecek 70 bağlama bölgesi olduğu belirtilmiştir 23,24 . …”

Section: Mirna'ların Biyogeneziunclassified

Bir Gen İfade Düzenleyicisi miRNA

Güzelgül¹,

Aksoy²

2015

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MicroRNAs (miRNA) binding to target mRNAs and having function in regulating gene expression are of 18-25 nucleotides in length and take place in the class of non-coding RNAs. Although aproximately 1900 human miRNA types have been identified so far, quite little is known about their biological functions. In some studies, it is shown that miRNA expression levels are important for many biological functions such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and metabolism. Recent studies have pointed out that miRNAs have been used as diagnosis and prognosis biomarker in many human diseases including cancer, viral diseases, cardiovascular disorders and metabolic distrubance. Such as a miRNA type's regulating more than one mRNA expression levels, a mRNA level has been regulated by numbers of miRNA types. Since changing the expression level of a miRNA type effects the whole metabolism, it is required to have cell-specific miRNAs. In the event of cell type-specific miRNAs are having found, it is expected that the general metabolism is better understood and, moreover, miRNAs are used more effectively in diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Key words: Noncoding RNA, miRNA, Mrna ÖZET Hedef mRNA'lara bağlanarak gen ifadesinin düzenlenmesinde işlev gören mikroRNA'lar (miRNA) 18-25 nükleotit uzunluğunda olup kısa kodlanmayan RNA sınıfında yer almaktadırlar. İnsanlarda yaklaşık 1900 miRNA tipi tanımlanmış olmasına rağmen şimdiye kadar biyolojik işlevleri hakkında bilinenler oldukça azdır. Bazı çalışmalarda hücrelerin proliferasyon, farklılaşma, apoptozis ve metabolizma gibi biyolojik işlevlerdemiRNA'ların ekspresyon seviyelerinin önemli olduğu gösterilmiştir. Son zamanlardaki çalışmalarda miRNA'ların kanser, viral hastalıklar, kardiovasküler hastalıklar ve metabolik bozuklukları da içine alan birçok hastalıkta tanı ve prognozda kullanılabileceği belirtilmiştir.

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Circular RNAs: splicing’s enigma variations

Abstract: Two recent papers published in Nature unravel general abundance of circular RNAs and offer intriguing insights into their potential biological functions.

Cited by 404 publications

References 11 publications

Circular RNA participates in the carcinogenesis and the malignant behavior of cancer

Circular RNA participates in the carcinogenesis and the malignant behavior of cancer

The complexity of miRNA-mediated repression

Bir Gen İfade Düzenleyicisi miRNA

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