Circular RNAs: New layer of complexity evading breast cancer heterogeneity

Dawoud, Alyaa; Ihab, Zeina; Hisham, Hannah; Braoudaki, Maria; Youness, R.A.

doi:10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.09.011

Cited by 28 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 241 publications

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“…It has been recently revealed that IL-10 is highly epigenetically regulated (Refs 93, 151). It is worth noting that such a level of post-transcriptional regulation of IL-10 expression might be a relevant explanation for the differential expression and effects of IL-10 in different cells at the TME despite the existence of common pathways for IL-10 induction as previously mentioned in this review, via the action of non-coding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs) (Refs 152, 153), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) (Refs 154–156), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) (Refs 144, 156, 157).…”

Section: The Tumour Microenvironmentmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…CircRNAs are recognized as special ncRNA molecules with a distinctive ring structure and play significant roles as gene regulators and are considered one of the recently discovered epigenetic factors (Refs 153, 157). Abnormal production of circRNAs was found to influence the onset, progression and metastasis of cancer by acting as either tumour-suppressive or oncogenic factors (Refs 152, 181–183).…”

Section: The Tumour Microenvironmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacogenomic and epigenomic approaches to untangle the enigma of IL-10 blockade in oncology

Elemam,

Mekky,

Rashid

et al. 2024

Expert Rev. Mol. Med.

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The host immune system status remains an unresolved mystery among several malignancies. An immune-compromised state or smart immune-surveillance tactics orchestrated by cancer cells are the primary cause of cancer invasion and metastasis. Taking a closer look at the tumour-immune microenvironment, a complex network and crosstalk between infiltrating immune cells and cancer cells mediated by cytokines, chemokines, exosomal mediators and shed ligands are present. Cytokines such as interleukins can influence all components of the tumour microenvironment (TME), consequently promoting or suppressing tumour invasion based on their secreting source. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an interlocked cytokine that has been associated with several types of malignancies and proved to have paradoxical effects. IL-10 has multiple functions on cellular and non-cellular components within the TME. In this review, the authors shed the light on the regulatory role of IL-10 in the TME of several malignant contexts. Moreover, detailed epigenomic and pharmacogenomic approaches for the regulation of IL-10 were presented and discussed.

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Section: The Tumour Microenvironmentmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: The Tumour Microenvironmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacogenomic and epigenomic approaches to untangle the enigma of IL-10 blockade in oncology

Elemam,

Mekky,

Rashid

et al. 2024

Expert Rev. Mol. Med.

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“…As opposed to this, RNAs were implicitly thought of as the temporary templates (messenger RNAs [mRNAs]) and structural platforms (tRNAs and ribosomal RNAs [rRNAs]) for protein synthesis, as outlined in the famous protein core dogma of molecular biology presented by Crick (1958). Identifying several big and tiny noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), which do not code for proteins, cast doubt on this viewpoint (Dawoud et al, 2023; ElKhouly et al, 2020; El‐Daly et al, 2023; Selem et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CircRNAs are endogenous ncRNAs that are produced by back splicing on precursor mRNAs and lack the 5′ and 3′ ends (Dawoud et al, 2023; Li, Yang, et al, 2018). Because of their great stability and evolutionary conservation, circRNAs are naturally resistant to the activity of RNAases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is becoming obvious that abnormal ncRNAs expression is frequently seen in several cancers (Abdallah et al, 2022;Awad et al, 2021;El Din et al, 2021;El Kilany et al, 2021;Fahmy, Dawoud, et al, 2022;Mekky et al, 2023;Nafea et al, 2020;Ramzy et al, 2022;Shaalan et al, 2018;Youness, Rahmoon, et al, 2016;Youness et al, 2018Youness et al, , 2021ZeinElAbdeen et al, 2022), indicating that ncRNAs are important participants in human carcinogenesis (Abdel-Latif et al, 2022;Ahmed Youness et al, 2020;ElKhouly et al, 2020;Fahmy, Dawoud, et al, 2022;Mekky et al, 2019;Nafea et al, 2021;Soliman et al, 2022;Youssef et al, 2022;ZeinElAbdeen et al, 2022). Recent evidence suggests that these evolutionarily conserved ncRNAs, notably long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), PIWIinteracting RNAs (piRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), play a significant role in a variety of physiological and pathological processes (Dawoud et al, 2023;Selem et al, 2021). Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence has increased over the past three decades, and this trend is anticipated to continue until 2030 (Petrick et al, 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Decoding hepatocarcinogenesis from a noncoding RNAs perspective

El-Aziz

Dawoud

Kiriacos

et al. 2023

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Being a leading lethal malignancy worldwide, the pathophysiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has gained a lot of interest. Yet, underlying mechanistic basis of the liver tumorigenesis is poorly understood. The role of some coding genes and their respective translated proteins, then later on, some noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as microRNAs have been extensively studied in context of HCC pathophysiology; however, the implication of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in HCC is indeed less investigated. As a subclass of the ncRNAs which has been elusive for long time ago, lncRNAs was found to be involved in plentiful cellular functions such as DNA, RNA, and proteins regulation. Hence, it is undisputed that lncRNAs dysregulation profoundly contributes to HCC via diverse etiologies. Accordingly, lncRNAs represent a hot research topic that requires prime focus in HCC. In this review, the authors discuss breakthrough discoveries involving lncRNAs and circRNAs dysregulation that have contributed to the contemporary concepts of HCC pathophysiology and how these concepts could be leveraged as potential novel diagnostic and prognostic HCC biomarkers. Further, this review article sheds light on future trends, thereby discussing the pathological roles of lncRNAs and circRNAs in HCC proliferation, migration, and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition. Along this line of reasoning, future recommendations of how these targets could be exploited to achieve effective HCC‐related drug development is highlighted.

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Circular RNAs in human diseases

Wang,

Zhang,

Yang

et al. 2024

MedComm

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Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a unique class of RNA molecules formed through back‐splicing rather than linear splicing. As an emerging field in molecular biology, circRNAs have garnered significant attention due to their distinct structure and potential functional implications. A comprehensive understanding of circRNAs’ functions and potential clinical applications remains elusive despite accumulating evidence of their involvement in disease pathogenesis. Recent research highlights their significant roles in various human diseases, but comprehensive reviews on their functions and applications remain scarce. This review provides an in‐depth examination of circRNAs, focusing first on their involvement in non‐neoplastic diseases such as respiratory, endocrine, metabolic, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and renal disorders. We then explore their roles in tumors, with particular emphasis on exosomal circular RNAs, which are crucial for cancer initiation, progression, and resistance to treatment. By detailing their biogenesis, functions, and impact on disease mechanisms, this review underscores the potential of circRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The review not only enhances our understanding of circRNAs’ roles in specific diseases and tumor types but also highlights their potential as novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools, thereby paving the way for future clinical investigations and potential therapeutic interventions.

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Circular RNAs: New layer of complexity evading breast cancer heterogeneity

Cited by 28 publications

References 241 publications

Pharmacogenomic and epigenomic approaches to untangle the enigma of IL-10 blockade in oncology

Pharmacogenomic and epigenomic approaches to untangle the enigma of IL-10 blockade in oncology

Decoding hepatocarcinogenesis from a noncoding RNAs perspective

Circular RNAs in human diseases

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