Circular RNAs: Isolation, characterization and their potential role in diseases

Liu, Lumei; Wang, Jian; Khanabdali, Ramin; Kalionis, Bill; Tai, Xiantao; Xia, Shijin

doi:10.1080/15476286.2017.1367886

Cited by 97 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(107 reference statements)

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“…Although there is little known about their role in human biological processes, the dysregulation of circRNAs is confirmed in several diseases including cancer. 11,16,17 Up to now, the relation between circular RNAs and ULMs remains unclear. We evaluated the hsa_ circ_0060927 expression level in uterine leiomyoma and adjacent tissue samples by qRT-PCR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectopic expression of CYP24A1 circular RNA hsa_circ_0060927 in uterine leiomyomas

Fazeli

Piltan

Sadeghi

et al. 2019

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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Background As a novel class of non‐coding RNAs, the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in tumor biogenesis and progression has been proved in a number of human tumors; however, up to now, the relation between circRNAs and uterine leiomyomas (ULM) remains unclear. Methods In this study, we have estimated the expression level of CYP24A1 hsa_circ_0060927 in uterine leiomyoma and adjacent tissues considering the mediator complex subunit 12 gene (MED12) mutation profile by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCRs). Results Using Sanger sequencing method, somatic mutations in the MED12 exon 2 were detected in 14 (35.90%) ULM samples, including 10 (71.43%) missense mutations and 4 (28.57%) in‐frame deletions. Our results revealed that hsa_circ_0060927 was ectopically expressed in 33.33% of ULM tissues; although, this expression was independent of the MED12 mutation profile in the ULM samples. Conclusions Present results provide primary evidence for the role of circular RNAs in the leiomyoma development; however, further studies are essential to confirm the importance of these molecules as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and/or prognosis in ULM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectopic expression of CYP24A1 circular RNA hsa_circ_0060927 in uterine leiomyomas

Fazeli

Piltan

Sadeghi

et al. 2019

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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“…Indeed, multiple MREs are present in ceRNAs and enable direct interactions with miRNAs, thereby preventing binding of these miRNAs to their respective target mRNAs (Figure 1d). The role of ceRNAs in various cellular processes (e.g., cell cycle, apoptosis) is well established, and alteration of their expression contributes to the onset of various pathologies [76][77][78]. One representative and well-studied example of such regulation is provided by the phosphatase and tensin homologue, pseudogene 1 (PTENP1), which can sponge various miRNAs (e.g., miR-21, miR-106b and miR-93) targeting the 3 UTR of the tumor suppressor gene phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) [79,80].…”

Section: Mirna-cerna Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering miRNAs’ Action through miRNA Editing

Sousa

Gjorgjieva

Dolicka

et al. 2019

IJMS

601

343

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs with the capability of modulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level either by inhibiting messenger RNA (mRNA) translation or by promoting mRNA degradation. The outcome of a myriad of physiological processes and pathologies, including cancer, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, relies highly on miRNAs. However, deciphering the precise roles of specific miRNAs in these pathophysiological contexts is challenging due to the high levels of complexity of their actions. Indeed, regulation of mRNA expression by miRNAs is frequently cell/organ specific; highly dependent on the stress and metabolic status of the organism; and often poorly correlated with miRNA expression levels. Such biological features of miRNAs suggest that various regulatory mechanisms control not only their expression, but also their activity and/or bioavailability. Several mechanisms have been described to modulate miRNA action, including genetic polymorphisms, methylation of miRNA promoters, asymmetric miRNA strand selection, interactions with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) or other coding/non-coding RNAs. Moreover, nucleotide modifications (A-to-I or C-to-U) within the miRNA sequences at different stages of their maturation are also critical for their functionality. This regulatory mechanism called "RNA editing" involves specific enzymes of the adenosine/cytidine deaminase family, which trigger single nucleotide changes in primary miRNAs. These nucleotide modifications greatly influence a miRNA's stability, maturation and activity by changing its specificity towards target mRNAs. Understanding how editing events impact miRNA's ability to regulate stress responses in cells and organs, or the development of specific pathologies, e.g., metabolic diseases or cancer, should not only deepen our knowledge of molecular mechanisms underlying complex diseases, but can also facilitate the design of new therapeutic approaches based on miRNA targeting. Herein, we will discuss the current knowledge on miRNA editing and how this mechanism regulates miRNA biogenesis and activity.

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“…Interestingly, circRNA has been reported that it is also displayed to be abundant in exosomes in serum [16]. Therefore, Li et al suggested that sorting of circRNAs to exosomes was regulated by altering levels of associated miRNA in producer cells [16,22]. In addition, researchers have found that CDR1as including exosomes inhibit miR-7-induced growth in recipient cells [22].…”

Section: Circrnas Can Act As Mirna Spongesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, Li et al suggested that sorting of circRNAs to exosomes was regulated by altering levels of associated miRNA in producer cells [16,22]. In addition, researchers have found that CDR1as including exosomes inhibit miR-7-induced growth in recipient cells [22]. Testesspecific circRNA/circSry [the circular transcript of sex determining region Y (Sry) gene] can also serve as a sponge for miRNA-138 [23].…”

Section: Circrnas Can Act As Mirna Spongesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular RNAs and Its Biological Functions in Health and Disease

Sağlam¹,

Alp²,

Onen³

2020

Gene Expression and Phenotypic Traits

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Circular RNAs (circRNAs) belong to the family of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) that, unlike linear RNAs, are characterized by a covalently closed circular RNA structure lacking 5 0 cap and 3 0 poly-adenylated tails. circRNAs have a role in epigenetic regulation of downstream targets. circRNAs play a crucial role in regulating gene and protein expressions by acting as a microRNA (miRNA) sponge and RNA binding protein (RBP) sponge and interact with proteins to affect cell behavior. circRNA expression profiles differ between physiological and pathological states. Moreover, the expression patterns of circRNAs exhibit differences in a tissue-specific manner. Although investigations on circRNAs have been exploding nowadays, yet only a limited number of circRNAs are identified. Furthermore, further researches are needed to shed light on their functions and targets. Therefore, circRNAs are becoming vital as potential biomarkers that may be used for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In this chapter, we review the current advancement of cirRNAs with regard to their biogenesis, biological functions, gene regulatory mechanisms, and implications in human diseases and summarize the recent studies on circRNAs as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers based on existing knowledge.

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Circular RNAs: Isolation, characterization and their potential role in diseases

Cited by 97 publications

References 75 publications

Ectopic expression of CYP24A1 circular RNA hsa_circ_0060927 in uterine leiomyomas

Ectopic expression of CYP24A1 circular RNA hsa_circ_0060927 in uterine leiomyomas

Deciphering miRNAs’ Action through miRNA Editing

Circular RNAs and Its Biological Functions in Health and Disease

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