Circular RNAs and Their Emerging Roles in Immune Regulation

Yang, Lan; Fu, Jinrong; Zhou, Yufeng

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.02977

Cited by 81 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Several circRNAs show clear evolutionary conservation or strict regulation function, implying that they are of functional importance. [14][15][16] The aberrant expression of circRNA has been found in a wide variety of tumors, including GM. [10][11][12][13] For example, Lei et al 17 revealed that hsa_circ_0076248 could promote GM tumorigenesis through sponging miR-181a and regulate SIRT1 expression.…”

Section: Circ-pitx1 Facilitates Cell Progression By Affecting Mir-5mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevation of circ‐PITX1 upregulates interleukin 17 receptor D expression via sponging miR‐518a‐5p and facilitates cell progression in glioma

Zhan

Zhuang

Yang

et al. 2019

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Glioma (GM) is one of the major global health problems across the world. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been increasingly identified and characterized in almost every aspect of biology, especially in cancer biology. This study desires to investigate the mechanism of circ‐PITX1 on regulating GM development. Quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction was carried out to measure the expression of circ‐PITX1, which was upregulated in matched cancerous tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues from 52 patients and four cell lines of GM. Fisher's exact indicated the upregulation of circ‐PITX1 was associated with patients' tumor size and World Health Organization grade. Gain and loss‐of‐function assays demonstrated that circ‐PITX1 could facilitate the growth, migration, and invasion and inhibit cell apoptosis in GM cell lines. What's more, circ‐PITX1 sponges miR‐518a‐5p to release its repression on 3′‐untranslated region (3′UTR) of interleukin 17 receptor D (IL17RD) messenger RNA to exert its oncogenic functions in GM cells proved by dual‐luciferase reporter and rescue assays. Taken together, circ‐PITX1 may play a critical role in GM and may be used as a therapeutic target for GM.

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Section: Circ-pitx1 Facilitates Cell Progression By Affecting Mir-5mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevation of circ‐PITX1 upregulates interleukin 17 receptor D expression via sponging miR‐518a‐5p and facilitates cell progression in glioma

Zhan

Zhuang

Yang

et al. 2019

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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“…Therefore, circRNAs can participate in the development and progression of different immune responses and immune diseases [23,24,114]. On the basis of the current studies, the majority of circRNAs defined in autoimmune diseases are ecircRNAs, and a few are ciRNAs and eIciRNAs [23,24,[114][115][116]. The circRNAs identified to date, their functions, and roles in immunological diseases are shown in Table 3.…”

Section: The Role Of Circrnas In Immune Regulationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In addition, researchers have found that CDR1as including exosomes inhibit miR-7-induced growth in recipient cells [22]. Testesspecific circRNA/circSry [the circular transcript of sex determining region Y (Sry) gene] can also serve as a sponge for miRNA-138 [23]. It contains 16 MREs of miRNA-138 and regulates the expression of miR-138-target genes, functioning similar to CDR1as [17].…”

Section: Circrnas Can Act As Mirna Spongesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some ciRNAs (e.g., ci-ankrd52, ci-sirt7) and eIciRNAs (e.g., circEIF3J, circPAIP2) regulate the transcription of their parental genes. eIciRNAs can regulate parental gene transcription in a cis-acting manner [18,23,24]. Recent studies have been indicated that nuclear elciRNAs (localized to the promoter of their parental genes) interact with U1 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) and RNA pol II and promote the transcription initiation of their parental genes [28,30].…”

Section: Circrnas Regulate Gene Expression and Interact With Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When transcription is initiated, the production of eIciRNA can be increased so that this phenomenon generates a positive feedback loop. [23]. Moreover, they have a function as positive regulators through their interactions with the elongating Pol II complex [24,25,31].…”

Section: Circrnas Regulate Gene Expression and Interact With Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Circular RNAs and Its Biological Functions in Health and Disease

Sağlam¹,

Alp²,

Onen³

2020

Gene Expression and Phenotypic Traits

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Circular RNAs (circRNAs) belong to the family of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) that, unlike linear RNAs, are characterized by a covalently closed circular RNA structure lacking 5 0 cap and 3 0 poly-adenylated tails. circRNAs have a role in epigenetic regulation of downstream targets. circRNAs play a crucial role in regulating gene and protein expressions by acting as a microRNA (miRNA) sponge and RNA binding protein (RBP) sponge and interact with proteins to affect cell behavior. circRNA expression profiles differ between physiological and pathological states. Moreover, the expression patterns of circRNAs exhibit differences in a tissue-specific manner. Although investigations on circRNAs have been exploding nowadays, yet only a limited number of circRNAs are identified. Furthermore, further researches are needed to shed light on their functions and targets. Therefore, circRNAs are becoming vital as potential biomarkers that may be used for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In this chapter, we review the current advancement of cirRNAs with regard to their biogenesis, biological functions, gene regulatory mechanisms, and implications in human diseases and summarize the recent studies on circRNAs as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers based on existing knowledge.

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CircSmox knockdown alleviates PC12 cell apoptosis and inflammation in spinal cord injury by miR‐340‐5p/Smurf1 axis

Han

Mou

Jing

et al. 2023

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a traumatic central nervous system disorder that leads to irreversible neurological dysfunction. Emerging evidence has shown that differentially expressed circular RNAs (circRNAs) after SCI is closely associated with the pathophysiological process. Herein, the potential function of circRNA spermine oxidase (circSmox) in functional recovery after SCI was investigated. Methods Differentiated PC12 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were employed as an in vitro model for neurotoxicity research. Levels of genes and proteins were detected by quantitative real‐time PCR and Western blot analysis. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined by CCK‐8 assay and flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein level of apoptosis‐related markers. The levels of interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α. Dual‐luciferase reporter, RIP, and pull‐down assays were used to confirm the target relationship between miR‐340‐5p and circSmox or Smurf1 (SMAD Specific E3 Ubiquitin Protein Ligase 1). Results LPS elevated the levels of circSmox and Smurf1, but decreased the levels of miR‐340‐5p in PC12 cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Functionally, circSmox silencing alleviated LPS‐induced apoptosis and inflammation in PC12 cells in vitro. Mechanistically, circSmox directly sponged miR‐340‐5p, which targeted Smurf1. Rescue experiments showed that miR‐340‐5p inhibition attenuated the neuroprotective effect of circSmox siRNA in PC12 cells. Moreover, miR‐340‐5p suppressed LPS‐triggered neurotoxicity in PC12 cells, which was reversed by Smurf1 overexpression. Conclusion CircSmox enhances LPS‐induced apoptosis and inflammation via miR‐340‐5p/Smurf1 axis, providing an exciting view of the potential involvement of circSmox in SCI pathogenesis.

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Circular RNAs and Their Emerging Roles in Immune Regulation

Cited by 81 publications

References 92 publications

Elevation of circ‐PITX1 upregulates interleukin 17 receptor D expression via sponging miR‐518a‐5p and facilitates cell progression in glioma

Elevation of circ‐PITX1 upregulates interleukin 17 receptor D expression via sponging miR‐518a‐5p and facilitates cell progression in glioma

Circular RNAs and Its Biological Functions in Health and Disease

CircSmox knockdown alleviates PC12 cell apoptosis and inflammation in spinal cord injury by miR‐340‐5p/Smurf1 axis

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