Circular RNAs and gastrointestinal cancers: Epigenetic regulators with a prognostic and therapeutic role

Naeli, Parisa; Pourhanifeh, Mohammad Hossein; Karimzadeh, Mohammad Reza; Shabaninejad, Zahra; Movahedpour, Ahmad; Tarrahimofrad, Hossein; Mirzaei, Hamid Reza; Bafrani, Hassan Hassani; Mirzaei, Hamed; Hamblin, Michael R.

doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.102854

Cited by 139 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 247 publications

(141 reference statements)

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“…In fact, the non-coding RNAs represent the RNA, which would not encode a protein and thus may be categorized into multiple groups like the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs = above 200 nucleotides in length) and small non-coding RNAs (like microRNAs = approximately 19 to 22 nucleotides in length) [137][138][139][140][141]. Finally, it has been found that that microRNAs (miRNAs) regulated translational effectiveness or stability of the targeted mRNAs via interactions with 3′-un-translated region (3′-UTR) of the respective targets [142][143][144][145][146][147].…”

Section: Micrornasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer stem cells and oral cancer: insights into molecular mechanisms and therapeutic approaches

2020

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Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been identified as a little population of cancer cells, which have features as the same as the cells normal stem cells. There is enough knowledge of the CSCs responsibility for metastasis, medicine resistance, and cancer outbreak. Therefore, CSCs control possibly provides an efficient treatment intervention inhibiting tumor growth and invasion. In spite of the significance of targeting CSCs in treating cancer, few study comprehensively explored the nature of oral CSCs. It has been showed that oral CSCs are able to contribute to oral cancer progression though activation/inhibition a sequences of cellular and molecular pathways (microRNA network, histone modifications and calcium regulation). Hence, more understanding about the properties of oral cancers and their behaviors will help us to develop new therapeutic platforms. Head and neck CSCs remain a viable and intriguing option for targeted therapy. Multiple investigations suggested the major contribution of the CSCs to the metastasis, tumorigenesis, and resistance to the new therapeutic regimes. Therefore, experts in the field are examining the encouraging targeted therapeutic choices. In spite of the advancements, there are not enough information in this area and thus a magic bullet for targeting and eliminating the CSCs deviated us. Hence, additional investigations on the combined therapies against the head and neck CSCs could offer considerable achievements. The present research is a review of the recent information on oral CSCs, and focused on current advancements in new signaling pathways contributed to their stemness regulation. Moreover, we highlighted various therapeutic approaches against oral CSCs.

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Section: Micrornasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer stem cells and oral cancer: insights into molecular mechanisms and therapeutic approaches

2020

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“…Numerous studies have investigated the utility of molecular biomarkers, such as DNA alterations, to predict outcomes in patients following LT for HCC [42]. Circulating miRNA has emerged as one of the most attractive tools for the early diagnosis of cancers [42][43][44]. Some authors have reported that miRNA markers were useful predictors of HCC recurrence after LT [42,[45][46][47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharyngeal metastasis following living-donor liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: case report and review of literature

Tohyama¹,

Sakamoto²,

Tamura³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The most common sites of recurrence after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been reported to be the liver, lung, bone, and adrenal glands, but there have also been many reports of cases of multiple recurrence. The prognosis after recurrence is poor, with reported median survival after recurrence of HCC ranging from 9 to 19 months. Here, we report a case of long-term survival after recurrence of pharyngeal metastasis following living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) for HCC within the Milan criteria, by resection of the metastatic region and cervical lymph node dissection. Case presentation: A 47-year-old man with a Model End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) score of 11 underwent LDLT for HCC within the Milan criteria for liver cirrhosis associated with hepatitis B virus infection, with his 48-year-old elder brother as the living donor. One year and 10 months after liver transplantation, he visited a nearby hospital with a chief complaint of discomfort on swallowing. A pedunculated polyp was found in the hypopharynx, and biopsy revealed HCC metastasis. We performed pharyngeal polypectomy. Two years later, cervical lymph nodes metastasis appeared, and neck lymph node dissection was performed. Although recurrence subsequently occurred three times in the grafted liver, the patient is still alive 12 years and 10 months after recurrence of pharyngeal metastasis. He is now a tumor-free outpatient taking sorafenib. Conclusion: It is necessary to recognize that the nasopharyngeal region is a potential site of HCC metastasis. Prognostic improvement can be expected with close follow-up, early detection, and multidisciplinary treatment, including radical resection.

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“…Importantly, circRNAs are considered ncRNAs and have coding abilities [23]. In addition, circRNAs have been gradually confirmed to be related to ageing processes and various human diseases, including nervous system disorders, cardiovascular disorders, and cancers (e.g., gastrointestinal cancers) [24,25]. In this article, we highlight recent research on the latest progress in circRNA research on digestive system cancer and gut ageing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Regulatory Functions of Circular RNAs in Digestive System Cancers

Yuan

Yuán

et al. 2020

Cancers

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Circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs), which are a type of covalently closed circular RNA, are receiving increasing attention. An increasing amount of evidence suggests that circRNAs are involved in the biogenesis and development of multiple diseases such as digestive system cancers. Dysregulated circRNAs have been found to act as oncogenes or tumour suppressors in digestive system cancers. Moreover, circRNAs are related to ageing and a wide variety of processes in tumour cells, such as cell apoptosis, invasion, migration, and proliferation. Moreover, circRNAs can perform a remarkable multitude of biological functions, such as regulating splicing or transcription, binding RNA-binding proteins to enable function, acting as microRNA (miRNA) sponges, and undergoing translated into proteins. However, in digestive system cancers, circRNAs function mainly as miRNA sponges. Herein, we summarise the latest research progress on biological functions of circRNAs in digestive system cancers. This review serves as a synopsis of potential therapeutic targets and biological markers for digestive system cancer.

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Circular RNAs and gastrointestinal cancers: Epigenetic regulators with a prognostic and therapeutic role

Cited by 139 publications

References 247 publications

Cancer stem cells and oral cancer: insights into molecular mechanisms and therapeutic approaches

Cancer stem cells and oral cancer: insights into molecular mechanisms and therapeutic approaches

Pharyngeal metastasis following living-donor liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: case report and review of literature

The Regulatory Functions of Circular RNAs in Digestive System Cancers

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