CircRNA-Associated CeRNAs Regulatory Axes in Retinoblastoma: A Systematic Scoping Review

Abstract

Retinoblastoma (RB) is one of the most common childhood cancers caused by RB gene mutations (tumor suppressor gene in various patients). A better understanding of molecular pathways and the development of new diagnostic approaches may lead to better treatment for RB patients. The number of studies on ceRNA axes is increasing, emphasizing the significance of these axes in RB. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a vital role in competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory axes by sponging microRNAs and regulating gene expression. Because of the broadness of ceRNA interaction networks, they may assist in investigating treatment targets in RB. This study conducted a systematic scoping review to evaluate verified loops of ceRNA in RB, focusing on the ceRNA axis and its relationship to circRNAs. This scoping review was carried out using a six-step strategy and the Prisma guideline, and it involved systematically searching the publications of seven databases. Out of 363 records, sixteen articles were entirely consistent with the defined inclusion criteria and were summarized in the relevant table. The majority of the studies focused on the circRNAs circ_0000527, circ_0000034, and circTET1, with approximately two-fifths of the studies focusing on a single circRNA. Understanding the many features of this regulatory structure may help elucidate RB’s unknown causative factors and provide novel molecular potential therapeutic targets and medical fields.

CircBCL2L13 attenuates cardiomyocyte oxidative stress and apoptosis in cardiac ischemia‒reperfusion injury via miR‐1246/PEG3 signaling

“…[ 28 ] There are many miRNA binding sites on circRNAs that specifically bind to a certain sequence of the target miRNA through base complementation, thus acting as a miRNA sponge. [ 29 ] Studies in the cardiovascular field have indicated that circRNAs largely function via ceRNA mechanisms as mediators of biological phenotypes. For example, circRbms1 can attenuate the development of cardiac I/R injury by sponging miR‐92a to increase BCL2L11 expression.…”

Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review

“…Circular RNAs are exceptionally stable regulatory molecules inside the cell because they are immune to exonuclease actions (Xie et al, 2017 ). CircRNAs have been characterized as protein decoys, scaffolds, and recruiters, as well as transcriptional regulators, miRNA sponges, and protein templates (Zhou W. Y. et al, 2020 ; Asadi et al, 2022 ). CircRNAs have an active role in muscular tissue formation (Legnini et al, 2017 ), synapse formation and activity field (Chen et al, 2019 ), neuronal gene expression regulation (van Rossum et al, 2016 ), and CNS differentiation and development (Mehta et al, 2020 ).…”

“…CeRNAs are transcripts composed of messenger RNA (mRNAs) and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that contest for shared microRNAs (miRNAs) to cross-regulate one another (Asadi et al, 2022 ). Franco-Zorrilla et al reported a process known as “target mimicry,” which occurs when a non-coding RNA in plants sequesters miR-399 and de-represses its target (Franco-Zorrilla et al, 2007 ).…”

Epigenetic and Posttranscriptional Regulation in Retinoblastoma

“…circRNAs act as ceRNAs to regulate several biological processes as cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration. The term' ceRNA' was created in 2011 to characterize this additional layer of posttranscriptional control [63].…”