Circadian rhythms in the release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and arginine-vasopressin in organotypic slice culture of rat suprachiasmatic nucleus

Shinohara, Kazuyuki; Honma, Sato; Katsuno, Yumiko; Abe, Hiroshi; Honma, Ken‐ichi

doi:10.1016/0304-3940(94)90269-0

Cited by 75 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Period length was very similar for VIP and for AVP (mean 21.4 h; SD 3.9). A stable phase relationship persisted in vitro between the two peptide release rhythms [10]. Identical results were obtained in the two rat brain cultures in this study, with respect to period length and phase relationship.…”

supporting

confidence: 55%

“…In two earlier studies, all surviving organotypic rat SCN cultures showed circadian rhythms in VIP and AVP release [10,11], although with remarkably short periods [10]. Period length was very similar for VIP and for AVP (mean 21.4 h; SD 3.9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Organotypic hypothalamic slice cultures from 6-day-old rat pups are capable of regular release of neuropeptides-like vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and arginine-vasopressin (AVP) [10,11]. These slices contain the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), the primary locus of the mammalian circadian timing system [8,9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples were denatured by adding 70 ml 0.1 N HCl, and heating at 95°C during 10′. Samples were dried in a speedvac concentrator and stored at 4°C before determination of VIP and AVP content by enzyme immunoassay as described before [10,11]. Concurrently with the preparation of vole brain slices, also slices from two 6-day-old Wistar-Imamichi rat pups were prepared, sampled and assayed for VIP and AVP.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lack of circadian patterns in vasoactive intestinal polypeptide release and variability in vasopressin release in vole suprachiasmatic nuclei in vitro

Gerkema¹,

Shinohara

Kimura³

1999

Neuroscience Letters

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confidence: 55%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lack of circadian patterns in vasoactive intestinal polypeptide release and variability in vasopressin release in vole suprachiasmatic nuclei in vitro

Gerkema¹,

Shinohara

Kimura³

1999

Neuroscience Letters

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“…These releasate profiles may not be complete, because neuropeptides mediating photic input or intra-SCN synchronization, such as pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (27,28), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (29,30), and gastrin-releasing peptide (31, 32), are not observed or, in the case of gastrinreleasing peptide, are not present in amounts sufficient to produce peak intensities that exceed our significance criterion. Release of these peptides may be dependent on specific stimulation parameters such as frequency, intensity, or time of day.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Mass spectrometry-based discovery of circadian peptides

Hatcher

Atkins

Annangudi

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

151

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A significant challenge to understanding dynamic and heterogeneous brain systems lies in the chemical complexity of secreted intercellular messengers that change rapidly with space and time. Two solid-phase extraction collection strategies are presented that relate time and location of peptide release with mass spectrometric characterization. Here, complex suites of peptide-based cell-to-cell signaling molecules are characterized from the mammalian suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), site of the master circadian clock. Observed SCN releasates are peptide rich and demonstrate the corelease of established circadian neuropeptides and peptides with unknown roles in circadian rhythms. Additionally, the content of SCN releasate is stimulation specific. Stimulation paradigms reported to alter clock timing, including electrical stimulation of the retinohypothalamic tract, produce releasate mass spectra that are notably different from the spectra of compounds secreted endogenously over the course of the 24-h cycle. In addition to established SCN peptides, we report the presence of proSAAS peptides in releasates. One of these peptides, little SAAS, exhibits robust retinohypothalamic tract-stimulated release from the SCN, and exogenous application of little SAAS induces a phase delay consistent with light-mediated cues regulating circadian timing. These mass spectrometry-based analyses provide a new perspective on peptidergic signaling within the SCN and demonstrate that the integration of secreted compounds with information relating time and location of release generates new insights into intercellular signaling in the brain.little SAAS ͉ neuropeptides ͉ solid-phase extraction ͉ peptidomics ͉ suprachiasmatic nucleus A fundamental component of cell-to-cell signaling in the brain is the release of endogenously derived neuropeptidebased transmitters and modulators within dynamic neural networks. Neuropeptides include a broad set of structurally diverse molecules that are physiologically active at low concentrations and localize across heterogeneous brain regions, particularly throughout neuroendocrine systems. These properties contribute marked chemical complexity to neurotransmission within heterogeneous and dynamic brain systems. Directly acquiring releasate information about chemical content, release site distribution, and stimulation dependence is a significant challenge to the study of neuronal networks incorporating neuropeptide intercellular signaling.This article describes the use of several unique peptide sampling approaches to characterize chemically complex releasates from the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the site of the master circadian clock (1, 2). The SCN is highly innervated with peptidergic efferents, afferents, and interneurons (3). Moreover, SCN humoral signals are critical elements for the coordination of biological rhythms because SCN transplants can restore aspects of circadian rhythms in SCN-ablated animals (4). In the present work, SCN releasates were collected and concentrated directly from brain sl...

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Organization of neural inputs to the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the rat

1997

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The circadian timing of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is modulated by its neural inputs. In the present study, we examine the organization of the neural inputs to the rat SCN using both retrograde and anterograde tracing methods. After Fluoro-Gold injections into the SCN, retrogradely labeled neurons are present in a number of brain areas, including the infralimbic cortex, the lateral septum, the medial preoptic area, the subfornical organ, the paraventricular thalamus, the subparaventricular zone, the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, the posterior hypothalamic area, the intergeniculate leaflet, the olivary pretectal nucleus, the ventral subiculum, and the median raphe nuclei. In the anterograde tracing experiments, we observe three patterns of afferent termination within the SCN that correspond to the photic/raphe, limbic/hypothalamic, and thalamic inputs. The median raphe projection to the SCN terminates densely within the ventral subdivision and sparsely within the dorsal subdivision. Similarly, areas that receive photic input, such as the retina, the intergeniculate leaflet, and the pretectal area, densely innervate the ventral SCN but provide only minor innervation of the dorsal SCN. A complementary pattern of axonal labeling, with labeled fibers concentrated in the dorsal SCN, is observed after anterograde tracer injections into the hypothalamus and into limbic areas, such as the ventral subiculum and infralimbic cortex. A third, less common pattern of labeling, exemplified by the paraventricular thalamic afferents, consists of diffuse axonal labeling throughout the SCN. Our results show that the SCN afferent connections are topographically organized. These hodological differences may reflect a functional heterogeneity within the SCN.

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Circadian rhythms in the release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and arginine-vasopressin in organotypic slice culture of rat suprachiasmatic nucleus

Cited by 75 publications

References 28 publications

Lack of circadian patterns in vasoactive intestinal polypeptide release and variability in vasopressin release in vole suprachiasmatic nuclei in vitro

Lack of circadian patterns in vasoactive intestinal polypeptide release and variability in vasopressin release in vole suprachiasmatic nuclei in vitro

Mass spectrometry-based discovery of circadian peptides

Organization of neural inputs to the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the rat

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