Circadian Rhythms in Sleep and Wakefulness and in Salivary Melatonin and Cortisol Concentrations in Mothers of Term and Preterm Infants

McMillen, I. C.; Mulvogue, H. M.; Kok, Jeroen S.; Deayton, J. M.; Nowak, Rachel; Adamson, T. M.

doi:10.1093/sleep/16.7.624

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…One study found 7week postpartum mothers and infants on average spent, respectively, 71% and 80% of the time between 06:00 and 21:59 h in 550 lux dim light and, respectively, only6% and 2% in 41000 lux bright light (Tsai et al, 2009). In this regard, disruption of both the sleep/wake and melatonin circadian rhythms for at least 8 wks after hospital discharge was found in 20-30% of mothers of term and 30-40% of pre-term neonates (McMillen et al, 1993). Thus, disruption of the CTS plus absence or abnormality of the maternal melatonin time cue, both during fetal development and early neonatal life, seem to be common phenomena in today's artificial light society.…”

Section: Alan and Melatoninmentioning

confidence: 85%

Nocturnal light pollution and underexposure to daytime sunlight: Complementary mechanisms of circadian disruption and related diseases

Smolensky

Sackett-Lundeen²,

Portaluppi

2015

Chronobiology International

110

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Routine exposure to artificial light at night (ALAN) in work, home, and community settings is linked with increased risk of breast and prostate cancer (BC, PC) in normally sighted women and men, the hypothesized biological rhythm mechanisms being frequent nocturnal melatonin synthesis suppression, circadian time structure (CTS) desynchronization, and sleep/wake cycle disruption with sleep deprivation. ALAN-induced perturbation of the CTS melatonin synchronizer signal is communicated maternally at the very onset of life and after birth via breast or artificial formula feedings. Nighttime use of personal computers, mobile phones, electronic tablets, televisions, and the like--now epidemic in adolescents and adults and highly prevalent in pre-school and school-aged children--is a new source of ALAN. However, ALAN exposure occurs concomitantly with almost complete absence of daytime sunlight, whose blue-violet (446-484 nm λ) spectrum synchronizes the CTS and whose UV-B (290-315 nm λ) spectrum stimulates vitamin D synthesis. Under natural conditions and clear skies, day/night and annual cycles of UV-B irradiation drive corresponding periodicities in vitamin D synthesis and numerous bioprocesses regulated by active metabolites augment and strengthen the biological time structure. Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency are widespread in children and adults in developed and developing countries as a consequence of inadequate sunlight exposure. Past epidemiologic studies have focused either on exposure to too little daytime UV-B or too much ALAN, respectively, on vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency or melatonin suppression in relation to risk of cancer and other, e.g., psychiatric, hypertensive, cardiac, and vascular, so-called, diseases of civilization. The observed elevated incidence of medical conditions the two are alleged to influence through many complementary bioprocesses of cells, tissues, and organs led us to examine effects of the totality of the artificial light environment in which humans reside today. Never have chronobiologic or epidemiologic investigations comprehensively researched the potentially deleterious consequences of the combination of suppressed vitamin D plus melatonin synthesis due to life in today's man-made artificial light environment, which in our opinion is long overdue.

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Section: Alan and Melatoninmentioning

confidence: 85%

Nocturnal light pollution and underexposure to daytime sunlight: Complementary mechanisms of circadian disruption and related diseases

Smolensky

Sackett-Lundeen²,

Portaluppi

2015

Chronobiology International

110

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“…A comparison study revealed slightly higher antepartum than postpartum (4 days) serum melatonin in 25 women, but there was no comparison with nonpregnant women ( Wierrani, Grin, Hlawka, Kroiss, & Grunberger, 1997 ). In one of few studies of melatonin in postpartum women, mothers of term and preterm gestation infants were compared ( McMillen et al, 1993 ). Preterm infant mothers, compared to term infant mothers, did not consistently demonstrate melatonin peak during nighttime hours.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin Level and Pattern in Postpartum Versus Nonpregnant Nulliparous Women

Thomas

Burr

2006

Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing

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“…Studies have revealed that first-time mothers complaine of not being well prepared for the non-differentiated dayand-night reality of demanding infant care (McVeigh, 1997), and they were more likely to report a larger degree of sleep loss than experienced mothers (McMillen et al, 1993). The sleep functions of neurochemical renewal and memory consolidation underpin the relationship between sleep and cognitive performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Sleep and Daytime Sleepiness in Depressed and Non-Depressed Mothers During the Early Postpartum Period

Huang

Carter

Guo

2004

Journal of Nursing Research

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Taiwanese mothers have identified insufficient sleep as a major manifestation of postpartum depression. Few studies have thoroughly examined the relationship between sleep and depression during the early postpartum period, however. The objectives of this study were to compare the characteristics of both the postpartum sleep and daytime sleepiness of depressed first-time mothers and of their non-depressed counterparts, and to determine the factors that significantly increased mothers' risks of being depressed. A non-probability sample of 163 first-time mothers completed a questionnaire between the 13th and 20th days of the postpartum period. The Center of Epidemiological StudiesDepression and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used to measure mothers' experiences of depression symptoms and sleep. Daytime sleepiness was estimated in four ways, derived from the Roy Adaptation Model. The results indicated that the depressed mothers had poorer sleep quality than the non-depressed mothers, slept less efficiently, reported more sleep disturbances, and exhibited more daytime dysfunctions. Mothers who frequently perceived their daytime sleepiness to be affected by infant-care performance were more likely to be depressed. The study's findings support the view that there is a connection between depression and poor sleep among postpartum mothers in Taiwan, and indicate that depressed mothers' experiences of poor sleep are multi-faceted, and not simply a matter of insufficient sleep.

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Circadian Rhythms in Sleep and Wakefulness and in Salivary Melatonin and Cortisol Concentrations in Mothers of Term and Preterm Infants

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Nocturnal light pollution and underexposure to daytime sunlight: Complementary mechanisms of circadian disruption and related diseases

Nocturnal light pollution and underexposure to daytime sunlight: Complementary mechanisms of circadian disruption and related diseases

Melatonin Level and Pattern in Postpartum Versus Nonpregnant Nulliparous Women

A Comparison of Sleep and Daytime Sleepiness in Depressed and Non-Depressed Mothers During the Early Postpartum Period

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