Circadian rhythm in the secretion of corticosterone by the desert iguana, Dipsosaurus dorsalis

Chan, S.W.C.; Callard, İan P.

doi:10.1016/0016-6480(72)90038-x

Cited by 33 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…rt is evolutionarily advantageous for nocturnal reptiles to bask during the hottest part of th e day to conserve energy for evening foraging when ambient temperature is low (Heatwole and Taylor, 1987). Chan and callard (1972) showed that CS levels in the desert iguana peaked during the animal's most active period in the laboratory. Their enclosures, included a thermal gradient, but activity and cs peaked at the time of the day that would be chronologically equivalent to the hottest time of the day in the wild.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The immune system of reptiles is very similar to that of birds and mammals (Frye, 1981;Marcus, 1981;Duguy, 1970;Dessaur, 1970 (Dawkins, 1980;Greenberg and Crews, 1990;Greenberg and Wingfield, 1987;Gross and Siegel, 1973;Lance, 19 90 ;Sapolsky, 1990;Suomi, 1990). In reptiles, the most frequent investigations of the behavioral response to stress describe postures and activity levels in relation to temperature extremes (Chan and Callard, 1972;Dessaur I 1953 Hemsworth et al (1981) found that juvenile domestic pigs exposed to unpleasant handling such as a light slap, electric shock from a prodder, or a snout noose maintained higher basal corticosterone levels and showed an immediate increase when a human entered the pen than those exposed to pleasant stroking. Gonyou et al (1986) Dairy cows accustomed to some handling before first calving have lower basal cortisol levels in their milk and are more easily approach~d by humans than those that have had either no handling experience or extra handling (Hemsworth et al, 1989).…”

Section: Comparison Of Stress Between Mammals Birds and Reptilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grassman and Crews (1990) chased whiptail lizards in a can with their hands. Both investigations labeled these as handling treatments, but there are no studies that evaluate the physiological and behavioral effects of handling treatments on reptiles that et al, 1987), chromatography (Duggan, 1981), and competitive protein binding (Chan and Callard ' 1972;Lance and Lauren, 1984;Grassman and crews ' 1990;Moore et al, 1991;Greenberg and Crews, 1990 .01%. Because we were unable to locate normal CS levels for the study species in the literature, expected levels were based on related species (Chan and Callard, 1972;Duggan, 1981).…”

Section: Handling Stress In Reptilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reptile corticosterone secretion has been shown to have a diurnal circadian rhythm (Grassman and crews, 1990;Dauphin-Villemant and Xavier ' 198 7;Chan and Callard, 1972;Lance and Lauren, 1984). It i s , therefore, important to consider normal diurnal fluctuations in cs levels in order to interpret cs results from experimental manipulation.…”

Section: Blue-tongued Skink (Tiliqua Scincoides)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peak corticosterone levels in the diurnal desert iguana (Dipsosaurus dorsalis) occur in the late afternoon When the animal is most active (Chan and Callard, 1972), While American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) in the Wild and in captivity show peak levels that correspond to their natural biphasic activity pattern (Lance and Lauren, 1984). Whiptial lizards (Grassman and Crews, 1990) and the viviparous lizard Lacerta vivipera (DauphinVillemant and Xavier, 1987) show peaks at periods of high activity as well as during previtellogenesis, and depressions during vitellogenesis.…”

Section: Blue-tongued Skink (Tiliqua Scincoides)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physiological and behavioral effects of handling and restraint in the ball python (Python regius) and the blue-tongued skink (Tiliqua scincoides)

Kreger

Mench

1993

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

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Reptiles are handled during transport, veterinary care, education programs, and as companion animals. This study investigated corticosterone levels (CS), heterophil/lymphocyte ratio (H/L), and behavioral responses to routine handling in the ball python (Python regius) (n=4) and the blue-tongued skink (Tiliqua scincoides) (n=3). We validated the RSL I 1~ Corticosterone Kit for rodents for parallelism and recovery, and found this to be a precise and highly specific means of CS measurement in reptiles. To determine the optimal blood sampling time, animals were sampled throughout a 24-hour cycle under two different light regimens, one a 12L:12D and one in which a red light was on during the dark period. The diurnal pattern of cs did not differ as a result of light regimen. Python peak cs levels occurred at 2400 hours during the peak locomotor activity period and at 1200 hours when body temperature was highest, while skinks showed no significant cs rhythm.Heterophil/lymphocyte ratio values indicated that cardiac puncture did not cause chronic stress although it may be an acute stressor. Animals were then handled gently, manually, or were container restrained (CR) for 10 minutes. Although skink cs was unaffected by treatment, CR caused an elevated level of cs in pythons which may indicate short-term stress. There were no differences in H/L ratio or changes in activity level in either species. Brief periods of routine handling of the study species in captivity thus did not cause chronic stress as measured by CS, H/L ratio, and activity parameters.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Of Stress Between Mammals Birds and Reptilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Handling Stress In Reptilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Blue-tongued Skink (Tiliqua Scincoides)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Blue-tongued Skink (Tiliqua Scincoides)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Physiological and behavioral effects of handling and restraint in the ball python (Python regius) and the blue-tongued skink (Tiliqua scincoides)

Kreger

Mench

1993

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

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Chronic low humidity‐stress in the lizard Anolis carolinensis: Changes in diurnal corticosterone rhythms

Summers

Norman

1988

J. Exp. Zool.

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Plasma corticosterone levels of female lizards (Anolis carolinensis) were sampled at 4‐h intervals before and after a photothermal regimen known to stimulate ovarian growth in January and February, respectively. Female A. carolinensis have a diurnal cycle in plasma corticosterone with a daily peak at 1700 h in lizards with unstimulated ovaries exposed to short photophase and low temperature (12L 20°C:12D 20°C). Stimulation of ovarian growth by increasing the temperature and lengthening the photophase (14L 32°C:10D 20°C; 80% relatively humidity) caused an 8‐hr shift in the phase of the corticosterone peak to 0900 h. In lizards exposed to stimulatory temperature and photoperiod but also to low humidity (<35%) corticosterone exhibited a biphasic rhythm, with peaks at both 0900 and 1700 h. These results suggest that conditions which stimulate reproductive activity also cause a phase shift in the daily rhythm of plasma corticosterone. The results also suggest that chronic low humidity during these stimulatory conditions creates a biphasic rhythm of plasma corticosterone in this species. Therefore, a natural condition, low humidity, may be a chronic stressor of the lizard Anolis carolinensis.

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External and internal influences on indices of physiological stress. I. Seasonal and population variation in adrenocortical secretion of free‐living lizards, Sceloporus occidentalis

1995

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The plasma levels of glucocorticoid hormones (e.g., corticosterone and cortisol) are often used as an index of physiological stress. However, under natural conditions, glucocorticoid secretion can respond to both environmental influences (e.g., extreme climatic conditions) and internal influences (populational differences and annual seasonal cycles). To distinguish between these kinds of influences, we examined seasonal variation in basal levels of corticosterone and the adrenocortical response to acute stress in six populations of western fence lizards Sceloporus occidentalis. Three populations (Mojave CA, Lone Pine CA, and Tulalip WA) were near the periphery of the species distribution, and three were in the central part of the range (Ojai CA, Hopland CA, and Bend OR). Basal corticosterone showed no consistent pattern of variation, but the adrenocortical response to acute stress was consistently highest 1) in populations living at the margin of the species range, 2) during the hottest and driest seasons, and 3) in individuals with the largest decrements in physiological condition (length-adjusted mass). Thus, basal adrenal secretion and adrenal responsiveness to acute stress were dissociated, and the latter more likely reflected the physiological condition of an individual and the severity of its environment. However, further analysis showed that physiological condition only partially explains the variation in adrenocortical responsiveness and that intrinsic seasonal and population differences may be as important as the external influences of the physical environment. After factoring out seasonal changes in physiological condition, adrenocortical response of two populations under identical controlled laboratory conditions also showed that a peripheral population (Mojave, CA) maintained a higher response than a central population (Bend, OR) that was not attributable to population differences in physiological condition.

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Circadian rhythm in the secretion of corticosterone by the desert iguana, Dipsosaurus dorsalis

Cited by 33 publications

References 13 publications

Physiological and behavioral effects of handling and restraint in the ball python (Python regius) and the blue-tongued skink (Tiliqua scincoides)

Physiological and behavioral effects of handling and restraint in the ball python (Python regius) and the blue-tongued skink (Tiliqua scincoides)

Chronic low humidity‐stress in the lizard Anolis carolinensis: Changes in diurnal corticosterone rhythms

External and internal influences on indices of physiological stress. I. Seasonal and population variation in adrenocortical secretion of free‐living lizards, Sceloporus occidentalis

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