“…We observed changes in night sleep duration for all Minos insertions tested, and the effects were more prominent in females. Sex-specific effects of mutations on sleep are common in flies ( Williams et al, 2007; Harbison et al, 2009; De Luca et al, 2010; Afonso et al, 2015; Glover et al, 2019; Álvarez-Rendón and Riesgo-Escovar, 2020 ), and sex-biased effects are often noted in females ( Bushey et al, 2007, 2009; Luo et al, 2012; Juneau et al, 2019; Huang et al, 2021 ). Remarkably, we noted gene expression relationships among genes with predicted significant Gaussian Process correlations in the Minos insertion lines despite the fact that the sleep was neither extremely long or short in mutants or controls, and the genetic background of these lines ( w 1118 or y 1 w 67c23 ) is completely different from the outbred Sleep Advanced Intercross Population that we used for artificial selection.…”