Circadian and circaseptan (about-7-day) free-running physiologic rhythms of a woman in social isolation

Peña, Salvador Sánchez de la; Halberg, Franz; Galvagno, A.; Montalbini, M.; Follini, S.; Wu, Jinyi; Degioanni, Joseph J.; Kutyna, F.; Hillman, Dewayne; Kawabata, Y.; Cornélissen, Germaine

doi:10.1109/cbmsys.1989.47389

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Table 1 and Table 2 as well as Figures 2a and 2b). Such results extend earlier pioneering studies by MacLeod and Roff (1935) and were confirmed and extended by follow-ups that also considered putative effects of cosmic factors (Hillman et al 1994; Halberg et al 1998) and infradians (Sanchez de la Peña et al 1989), among others. Whether or not a change in ratio of subjective/ environmental time during isolation relates to the lengthening of the desynchronized circadian rhythm in 2-minute TE and in other variables, noted in most humans studied thus far (Wever 1979), remains to be investigated in a broader context (Fraisse 1963; Geissler and Reschke 1987; Glicksohn 1992; Halberg et al 2001a; Eagleman et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Chronomics, human time estimation, and aging

Halberg

Sothern

Cornélissen³

et al. 2008

CIA

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Background: Circadian rhythm stage affects many outcomes, including those of mental aging. Methods: Estimations of 1 minute ∼5 times/day for a year, 25 years apart, by a healthy male biomedical scientist (RBS), are analyzed by the extended cosinor. Results: Cycles of a half-week, a week, ∼30 days, a half-year and a year, in self-assessed 1-minute estimation by RBS between 25 and 60 years of age in health, are mapped for the fi rst time, compared and opposite effects are found. For RBS at 60 vs at 25 years of age, it takes less time in the morning around 10:30 (P Ͻ 0.001), but not in the evening around 19:30 (P = 0.956), to estimate 1 minute. Discussion: During the intervening decades, the time of estimating 1 minute differed greatly, dependent on circadian stage, being a linear decrease in the morning and increase in the evening, the latter modulated by a ∼33.6-year cycle. Conclusion: Circadian and infradian rhythm mapping is essential for a scrutiny of effects of aging. A ∼30-day and a circannual component apparent at 25 years of age are not found later; cycles longer than a year are detected. Rhythm stages await tests as markers for timing therapy in disease.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Chronomics, human time estimation, and aging

Halberg

Sothern

Cornélissen³

et al. 2008

CIA

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“…The circadian rhythm of the body temperature was investigated in 10 studies (Kleitman, 1963; Reinberg et al, 1966; Siffre et al, 1966; Colin et al, 1968; Ghata et al, 1969; Halberg et al, 1970; Chouvet et al, 1974; De la Pena et al, 1989; Hillman et al, 1994a,b). The first underground study investigating the rhythm of body temperature, Kleitman (1963), revealed a persistence of a circadian rhythm for a month in a participant living on a forced-desynchrony protocol (i.e., non 24 h sleep/wake cycle, with no regular light stimulus).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Physiology During Exposure to the Cave Environment: A Systematic Review With Implications for Aerospace Medicine

et al. 2019

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Background: Successful long-duration missions outside low-Earth orbit will depend on technical and physiological challenges under abnormal environmental conditions. Caves, characterized by absence of light, confinement, three-dimensional human movement and long-duration isolation, are identifiably one of the earliest examples of scientific enquiry into space analogs. However, little is known about the holistic human physiological response during cave exploration or prolonged habitation. Objectives: The aim of our review was to conduct a systematic bibliographic research review of the effects of short and prolonged exposure to a cave environment on human physiology, with a view to extend the results to implications for human planetary exploration missions. Methods: A systematic search was conducted following the structured PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines for electronic databases. Results: The search retrieved 1,519 studies. There were 50 articles selected for further consideration, of which 31 met our inclusion criteria. Short-term cave exposure studies have investigated visual dysfunction, cardiovascular, endocrine-metabolic, immunologic-hematological and muscular responses in humans. Augmentations of heart rate, muscular damage, initial anticipatory stress reaction and inflammatory responses were reported during caving activity. Prolonged exposure studies mainly investigated whether biological rhythms persist or desist in the absence of standard environmental conditions. Changes were evident in estimated vs. actual rest-activity cycle periods and external desynchronization, body temperature, performance reaction time and heart rate cycles. All studies have shown a marked methodological heterogeneity and lack reproduction under controlled conditions. Conclusions: This review facilitates a further comparison of the proposed physiological impact of a subterranean space analog environment, with existing knowledge in related disciplines pertaining to human operative preparation under challenging environmental conditions. This comprehensive overview should stimulate more reproducible research on this topic and offer the opportunity to advance study design and focus future human research in the cave environment on noteworthy, reproducible projects.

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“…This "paranoia" is now the generally accepted fact of a desynchronization of the period of many circadian rhythms in the experimental laboratory after blinding or under conditions of constant darkness or continuous light or for humans in isolation from society, studied long enough time-macroscopically in bunkers [214,215] and/or in the lab [212] or in longer time series collected in caves analyzed time-microscopically [180,181,216-226]. Desynchronization has been extended to circaseptans in caves and even to ordinary conditions [16].…”

Section: Puzzle #2: Circadian Desynchronization and "Free-running" Pementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like circadians in 1950, circaseptans today are labeled "controversial" to some, so described in print [177], and "all nurture, not nature" to particularly expressive authors [178,179], notwithstanding the demonstration of free-running circaseptans for over 18 weeks [180], for over 38 weeks [181], and in an original case for over 156 weeks (Fig. 7 in ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transdisciplinary unifying implications of circadian findings in the 1950s

Halberg

Cornélissen

Katinas

et al. 2003

J Circadian Rhythms

101

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A few puzzles relating to a small fraction of my endeavors in the 1950s are summarized herein, with answers to a few questions of the Editor-in-Chief, to suggest that the rules of variability in time complement the rules of genetics as a biological variability in space. I advocate to replace truisms such as a relative constancy or homeostasis, that have served bioscience very well for very long. They were never intended, however, to lower a curtain of ignorance over everyday physiology. In raising these curtains, we unveil a range of dynamics, resolvable in the data collection and as-onegoes analysis by computers built into smaller and smaller devices, for a continued self-surveillance of the normal and for an individualized detection of the abnormal. The current medical art based on spotchecks interpreted by reference to a time-unqualified normal range can become a science of time series with tests relating to the individual in inferential statistical terms. This is already doable for the case of blood pressure, but eventually should become possible for many other variables interpreted today only based on the quicksand of clinical trials on groups. These ignore individual differences and hence the individual's needs. Chronomics (mapping time structures) with the major aim of quantifying normalcy by dynamic reference values for detecting earliest risk elevation, also yields the dividend of allowing molecular biology to focus on the normal as well as on the grossly abnormal.

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Circadian and circaseptan (about-7-day) free-running physiologic rhythms of a woman in social isolation

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Chronomics, human time estimation, and aging

Chronomics, human time estimation, and aging

Human Physiology During Exposure to the Cave Environment: A Systematic Review With Implications for Aerospace Medicine

Transdisciplinary unifying implications of circadian findings in the 1950s

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