Ciprofloxacin Resistance and Staphylococcal Endocarditis

Jimenez, Jennifer; Ribera, Esteban; Almirante, Benito; Valle, Oscar del; Pahissa, A.; Martínez-Vázquez, J M; Bignardi, G.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(89)92971-1

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In our in vitro studies, rifampin alone always selected rifampinresistant subpopulations; the emergence of ciprofloxacin-resistant mutants was less commonly seen in vitro. While the emergence of mutants that are resistant to ciprofloxacin is also a well-described cause of treatment failure in patients with deepseated staphylococcal infections (14), the stochastic nature of the emergence of these mutants, particularly in MRSA strains, deserves emphasis. These observations are consistent with the differences in mutation frequencies for high-level resistance to rifampin (1.1 ϫ 10 Ϫ6 to 3.2 ϫ 10 Ϫ6 ) and the fluoroquinolones (5 ϫ 10 Ϫ10 ) in staphylococci (18,19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro activities of ciprofloxacin and rifampin alone and in combination against growing and nongrowing strains of methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Bahl

Miller

Leviton

et al. 1997

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We characterized the effects of ciprofloxacin and rifampin alone and in combination on Staphylococcus aureus in vitro. The effects of drug combinations (e.g., indifferent, antagonistic, or additive interactions) on growth inhibition were compared by disk approximation studies and by determining the fractional inhibitory concentrations. Bactericidal effects in log-phase bacteria and in nongrowing isolates were characterized by time-kill methods. The effect of drug combinations was dependent upon whether or not cells were growing and whether killing or growth inhibition was the endpoint used to measure drug interaction. Despite bactericidal antagonism in time-kill experiments, our in vitro studies suggest several possible explanations for the observed benefits in patients treated with a combination of ciprofloxacin and rifampin for deep-seated staphylococcal infections. Notably, when growth inhibition rather than killing was used to characterize drug interaction, indifference rather than antagonism was observed. An additive bactericidal effect was observed in nongrowing bacteria suspended in phosphate-buffered saline. While rifampin antagonized the bactericidal effects of ciprofloxacin, ciprofloxacin did not antagonize the bactericidal effects of rifampin. Each antimicrobial prevented the emergence of subpopulations that were resistant to the other.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro activities of ciprofloxacin and rifampin alone and in combination against growing and nongrowing strains of methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Bahl

Miller

Leviton

et al. 1997

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and pefloxacin are examples of these very potent compounds, which have markedly improved activities compared to earlier quinolones (29). Although they are highly active against gramnegative microorganisms, failures in the treatment of serious infections caused by gram-positive organisms have been encountered (13,14,26). Further developments have produced newly synthesized agents, like sparfloxacin and temafloxacin, with improved activities against staphylococci and streptococci (1,5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies report high success rates for combination therapy that includes ciprofloxacin. However, the emergence of resistance to ciprofloxacin and rifampin during the treatment of right-sided S. aureus endocarditis has been described (14,26). Treatment regimens involving oral administration of quinolones have been used for treatment of experimental enterococcal endocarditis with variable success (24,28,30).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative in vitro activities of trovafloxacin (CP-99,219) against 445 gram-positive isolates from patients with endocarditis and those with other bloodstream infections

Endtz

Mouton

Hollander

et al. 1997

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The in vitro activity of trovafloxacin (CP-99,219), a new fluoroquinolone, was compared with the in vitro activities of other commonly used quinolones and other antimicrobial agents against 445 gram-positive microorganisms isolated between 1986 and 1995 from patients with endocarditis and those with other bloodstream infections. The MICs at which 90% of the isolates are inhibited (MIC 90 ) of trovafloxacin for methicillinsusceptible staphylococci, viridans group streptococci, and enterococci were 0.06, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/liter, respectively. The MIC 90 of trovafloxacin for vancomycin-resistant enterococci as well as for methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-susceptible and ciprofloxacin-resistant S. aureus, isolated from sources other than blood, was 1 mg/liter. For the quinolones the rank order of activity was trovafloxacin > sparfloxacin > ciprofloxacin ‫؍‬ ofloxacin > pefloxacin. Depending on the species tested, trovafloxacin was 4to 64-fold more active than ciprofloxacin. Further experimental and in vivo studies are warranted to evaluate the efficacy of trovafloxacin in the treatment of bacterial endocarditis and other infections caused by grampositive organisms.

show abstract

Review of the Quinolone Family

Jacoby¹,

Hooper²

2011

Antibiotic Discovery and Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ciprofloxacin Resistance and Staphylococcal Endocarditis

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

In vitro activities of ciprofloxacin and rifampin alone and in combination against growing and nongrowing strains of methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

In vitro activities of ciprofloxacin and rifampin alone and in combination against growing and nongrowing strains of methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Comparative in vitro activities of trovafloxacin (CP-99,219) against 445 gram-positive isolates from patients with endocarditis and those with other bloodstream infections

Review of the Quinolone Family

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About