Cinnamon Extract Improves Insulin Sensitivity in the Brain and Lowers Liver Fat in Mouse Models of Obesity

Sartorius, Tina; Peter, Andreas; Schulz, Nadja; Drescher, Andrea; Bergheim, Ina; Machann, Jürgen; Schick, Fritz; Siegel-Axel, Dorothea; Schürmann, Annette; Weigert, Cora; Häring, Hans‐Ulrich; Hennige, Anita M.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0092358

Cited by 81 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the pathological accumulation of Al may damage astrocytes at later time points (53,54). A favourable effect of eugenol on basal glycogen synthesis in primary mouse astrocytes was previously demonstrated (52). Furthermore, a probable direct or indirect effect of eugenol to preserve brain astrocytes against Al-induced neurotoxicity is not excluded, which warrants further investigations.…”

Section: Figure 3 Effect Of Eugenol And/or Aluminium On Brain Acetylcmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…They are indispensable for the formation and stabilisation of synapses, as well as for the regulation of the concentration of various molecules supporting energy metabolism of neurons and are therefore critical for their survival (9,52). Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a structural protein composed of intermediate filaments synthesised in astrocytes, is a classical astrocyte marker.…”

Section: Figure 3 Effect Of Eugenol And/or Aluminium On Brain Acetylcmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroprotective effects of eugenol against aluminiuminduced toxicity in the rat brain

Said

Rabo

2017

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Aluminium (Al) is a neurotoxic metal that contributes to the progression of several neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective effect of dietary eugenol supplementation against aluminium (Al)- induced cerebral damage in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: normal controls, rats fed a diet containing 6,000 μg g-1 eugenol, rats intoxicated daily with aluminium chloride (84 mg kg-1 body weight) p. o. and fed either a basal diet or a eugenol-containing diet. Daily oral administration of Al for four consecutive weeks to rats significantly reduced brain total antioxidant status (TAS) (11.42±0.31 μmol g-1 tissue, p<0.001) with a subsequent significant enhancement of lipid peroxidation (MDA) (32.55±1.68 nmol g-1 tissue, p<0.002). In addition, Al enhanced brain acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) (46.22±4.90 U mg-1 protein, p<0.001), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) (118.72±11.32 pg mg-1 protein, p<0.001), and caspase 3 (Casp-3) (8.77±1.26 ng mg-1 protein, p<0.001) levels, and in contrast significantly suppressed brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) (82.74±14.53 pg mg-1 protein, p<0.002) and serotonin (5-HT) (1.54±0.12 ng mg-1 tissue, p<0.01) levels. Furthermore, decreased glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunostaining was noticed in the striatum of Al-intoxicated rats, compared with untreated controls. On the other hand, co-administration of dietary eugenol with Al intoxication restored brain BDNF (108.76±2.64 pg mg-1 protein) and 5-HT (2.13±0.27 ng mg-1 tissue) to normal levels, enhanced brain TAS (13.43±0.24 μmol g-1 tissue, p<0.05), with a concomitant significant reduction in TNF-α (69.98±4.74 pg mg-1 protein) and Casp-3 (3.80±0.37 ng mg-1 protein) levels (p<0.001), as well as AChE activity (24.50±3.25 U mg-1 protein, p<0.001), and increased striatal GFAP immunoreactivity, compared with Al-treated rats. Histological findings of brain tissues verified biochemical data. In conclusion, eugenol holds potential as a neuroprotective agent through its hydrophobic, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties, as well as its neurotrophic ability against Al-induced brain toxicity in rats.

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Section: Figure 3 Effect Of Eugenol And/or Aluminium On Brain Acetylcmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Figure 3 Effect Of Eugenol And/or Aluminium On Brain Acetylcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective effects of eugenol against aluminiuminduced toxicity in the rat brain

Said

Rabo

2017

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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“…TRPA1 is a nonselective cation channel with high permeability to Ca 2+ and Na + , and up to date the only member of its group. Cinnamaldehyde and TRPA1 has been associated with insulin secretion (42), glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion (43), ghrelin secretion (44), improvement of insulin sensitivity in the brain and lowering liver fat (45). …”

Section: Dietary and Topical Interventions In Obese And Diabetic Condmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential therapeutic value of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in diabetes mellitus and obesity

Derbenev

Zsombok

2015

Semin Immunopathol

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Diabetes mellitus and obesity, which is a major risk factor in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, have reached epidemic proportions worldwide including the United States. The current statistics and forecasts, both short- and long-term, are alarming and predict severe problems in the near future. Therefore, there is a race for developing new compounds, discovering new receptors or finding alternative solutions to prevent and/or treat the symptoms and complications related to obesity and diabetes mellitus. It is well demonstrated that members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily play a crucial role in a variety of biological functions both in health and disease. In the recent years, transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) were shown to have beneficial effects on whole body metabolism including glucose homeostasis. TRPV1 and TRPA1 have been associated with control of weight, pancreatic function, hormone secretion, thermogenesis and neuronal function; which suggest a potential therapeutic value of these channels. This review summarizes recent findings regarding TRPV1 and TRPA1 in association with whole body metabolism with emphasis on obese and diabetic conditions.

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“…In a study conducted by Alarcon-Aguilar and others, administration of hibiscus to MSG mice inhibited body weight gain in mice [34]. Cinnamon was shown to lower liver fat in mice administered the spice [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Chemopreventive Potential of Select Herbal Teas and Spices on Azoxymethane-Induced Aberrant Crypt Foci in Fisher 344 Male Rats

Willis¹,

Sunkara²,

Willis³

et al. 2017

FNS

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Colon cancer is the third leading cause of death in the US. Selected herbal teas and spices may reduce incidence of chronic diseases, including cancer. The objective of this study was to identify the effect of strawberry leaf, raspberry leaf, hibiscus teas and cinnamon on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in Fisher 344 male rats. After acclimatization period (1 wk), 49 male weanling rats were divided into 16 groups. Control (CON) group fed AIN-93G diet; 15 treatment groups were administered control diet + strawberry leaf tea (STW), raspberry leaf tea (RAS), hibiscus tea (HIB), cinnamon (CIN), strawberry leaf tea + cinnamon (STW + CIN), raspberry leaf tea + cinnamon, (RAS + CIN), hibiscus tea + cinnamon (HIB + CIN), and strawberry leaf tea + raspberry leaf tea + hibiscus tea + cinnamon in combination (COM) at 2 levels each (teas added at 1% and 2%; CIN added at 2.5% and 5%). Rats received 24 mg/kg body weight AOM in saline s/c at 7 and 8 weeks of age. Animals received experimental diets until sacrificed by CO 2 asphyxiation (17 weeks of age). ACF were enumerated in colons. Hepatic antioxidant enzymes were determined; superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione (GH). Treatment groups had reduction in ACF compared to CON (154). Lowest ACF observed in HIB 2% + CIN 5% (13.16) with 91.45% reduction compared to CON. ACF observed in treatment groups administered teas and cinnamon combinations were lower than those administered teas singly. SOD and CAT activities in rats administered treatment diets were higher than CON (13.63 U/mL, 0.95 umol·min). Rats administered COM (20.65 U/mL) had highest SOD activity. CAT activity was 51.27% higher in rats administered HIB 2% (1.96 umol·min −l ·ml −1 ). GPX activity ranged from 7.26 (STW 1% + CIN 2.5%) to 9.59 (STW 2%) umol·min −l ·ml −1. Results suggest that herbal teas and spices may reduce the risk of colon cancer and improve antioxidant status; regular consumption How to cite this paper:

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Cinnamon Extract Improves Insulin Sensitivity in the Brain and Lowers Liver Fat in Mouse Models of Obesity

Cited by 81 publications

References 52 publications

Neuroprotective effects of eugenol against aluminiuminduced toxicity in the rat brain

Neuroprotective effects of eugenol against aluminiuminduced toxicity in the rat brain

Potential therapeutic value of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in diabetes mellitus and obesity

Chemopreventive Potential of Select Herbal Teas and Spices on Azoxymethane-Induced Aberrant Crypt Foci in Fisher 344 Male Rats

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