Cinnamon bark oil in water nanoemulsion formulation, characterization, and antimicrobial activities

Nirmal, Nilesh Prakash; Chunhavacharatorn, Phatchada; Khanashyam, Anandu Chandra; Li, Li; Al-Asmari, Fahad

doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114671

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Although the MIC of cinnamon bark oil and the NE did not differ significantly, the antifungal activity of the NE was evidenced by the inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a 2 log reduction within 60 minutes of incubation with 10% (v/v) NE compared to cinnamon bark oil alone. 20 In the current study, the ultrasonic process was also employed to prepare CEO@NE. Notably, a better therapeutic potency of CEO@NE than CEO was demonstrated in a murine model of Candida vaginitis, further indicating the potential for developing CEO@NE as a nanomedicine against Candida infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 While a few studies have reported that nanoemulsification improves the in vitro antifungal potency of CEO, there is currently no available study comparing the potency of CEO and CEO@NE against Candida vaginitis. [18][19][20] Given the unique properties of the vaginal mucosa, including its accessibility and relatively stable pH, it emerges as a promising route for drug delivery, especially in the context of addressing ascending genital tract infections. 21 Previous research has underscored the potential of NE as a mucosal adjuvant for enhancing the penetration of vaccine antigens through mucosal barriers, thereby eliciting robust immune responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy of Cinnamon Essential Oil by Nanoemulsification for Intravaginal Treatment of Candida Vaginitis

Lin,

Tsai,

et al. 2024

IJN

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Background: Due to its prevalence, recurrence, and the emergence of drug-resistance, Candida vaginitis significantly impacts the well-being of women. Although cinnamon essential oil (CEO) possesses antifungal activity, its hydrophobic properties limit its clinical application. Purpose: To overcome this challenge, a nanoemulsification technology was employed to prepare cinnamon essential oilnanoemulsion (CEO@NE), and its therapeutic efficacy and action mechanism for Candida vaginitis was investigated in vivo and in vitro. Materials and Methods: CEO@NE, composed of 4% CEO, 78% distilled water, and 18% Tween 80, was prepared by ultrasonic nanoemulsification. The physical properties, anti-Candida activity, cytotoxicity, immunomodulatory potential and storage stability of CEO@NE were explored. Subsequently, the effect of intravaginal CEO@NE treatment on Candida vaginitis was investigated in mice. To comprehend the possible mechanism of CEO@NE, an analysis was conducted to ascertain the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in C. albicans. Results: CEO@NE, with the droplet size less than 100 nm and robust storage stability for up to 8 weeks, exhibited comparable anti-Candida activity with CEO. CEO@NE at the concentration lower than 400 μg/mL had no cytotoxic and immunomodulatory effects on murine splenocytes. Intravaginal treatment of CEO@NE (400 μg/mL, 20 μL/day/mouse for 5 consecutive days) curbed Candida colonization, ameliorated histopathological changes, and suppressed inflammatory cytokine production in mice intravaginally challenged with C. albicans. Notably, this treatment preserved the density of vaginal lactic acid bacteria (LAB) crucial for vaginal health. Co-culturing C. albicans with CEO@NE revealed concentration-dependent augmentation of intracellular ROS generation and ensuing cell death. In addition, co-culturing LPS-stimulated murine splenocytes with CEO@NE yielded a decrease in the generation of cytokines. Conclusion:This discovery provides insight into the conceivable antifungal and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of CEO@NE to tackle Candida vaginitis. CEO@NE offers a promising avenue to address the limitations of current treatments, providing novel strategy for treating Candida vaginitis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy of Cinnamon Essential Oil by Nanoemulsification for Intravaginal Treatment of Candida Vaginitis

Lin,

Tsai,

et al. 2024

IJN

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“…The MIC and MBC values of MPE showed a stronger inhibitory capacity than those of RPE toward all tested bacteria (p < 0.05). In general, Gram-positive bacteria showed higher sensitivity to natural compounds than Gramnegative bacteria due to their different cell wall compositions (Nirmal et al, 2023a). Loan et al (2021) examined that a crude extract of mango peel waste inhibited E. coli growth with a zone of inhibition ranging from 7.7 ± 0.3 to 15.6 ± 0.5 (mm), and a dose-dependent inhibition manner was observed.…”

Section: Antibacterial Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of mango peel and radish peel-a comparative investigation

Koirala,

Chunhavacharatorn,

Suttisansanee

et al. 2024

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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The present study investigated the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Bao mango and daikon radish peel (Thai variety) ethanolic extracts. The percentage extraction yield of radish peel was higher compared to the mango peel (p < 0.05). However, Mango peel extract (MPE) contained higher total phenolic content (TPC) than radish peel extract (RPE) (p < 0.05). Similar to the TPC value, antioxidant activities including DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and peroxidation inhibition were higher in the MPE, compared to the RPE, except for metal chelating activity. The antimicrobial analyses suggested that the MPE showed lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values compared to the RPE (p < 0.05) against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed that mangiferin was the major phenolic compound present in MPE, followed by 3, 4 dihydroxybenzoic acid. Therefore, MP could be used as a promising natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agent for food applications.

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“…The PDI, which ranges from 0 to 1, reflects the uniformity of the droplets in the formulation. A PDI lower than 0.2 is considered desirable, as it indicates a good particle size distribution [75,80]. The zeta potential, which describes the surface charge on the droplets, is crucial for stability, generating repulsion forces between the droplets to prevent particle agglomeration.…”

Section: Development and Characterization Of Unloaded Nanoemulsions A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Wound Healing Potential of a Cuscuta chinensis Extract-Loaded Nanoemulsion-Based Gel

Nitthikan,

Preedalikit,

Supadej

et al. 2024

Pharmaceutics

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Cuscuta chinensis (C. chinensis) presents many pharmacological activities, including antidiabetic effects, and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties. However, the wound care properties of this plant have not yet been reported. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities of ethanol and ethyl acetate C. chinensis extracts. The phytochemical markers in the extracts were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Then, the selected C. chinensis extract was developed into a nanoemulsion-based gel for wound care testing in rats. The results showed that both of the C. chinensis extracts exhibited antioxidant activity when tested using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and lipid peroxidation inhibition assays. They reduced the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in RAW264.7 cells induced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The ethyl acetate extract also had antibacterial properties. Kaempferol was found in both extracts, whereas hyperoside was found only in the ethanol extract. These compounds were found to be related to the biological activities of the extracts, confirmed via molecular docking. The C. chinensis extract-loaded nanoemulsions had a small particle size, a narrow polydispersity index (PDI), and good stability. Furthermore, the C. chinensis extract-loaded nanoemulsion-based gel had a positive effect on wound healing, presenting a better percentage wound contraction Fucidin cream. In conclusion, this formulation has the potential for use as an alternative wound treatment and warrants further study in clinical trials.

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Cinnamon bark oil in water nanoemulsion formulation, characterization, and antimicrobial activities

Cited by 12 publications

References 42 publications

Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy of Cinnamon Essential Oil by Nanoemulsification for Intravaginal Treatment of Candida Vaginitis

Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy of Cinnamon Essential Oil by Nanoemulsification for Intravaginal Treatment of Candida Vaginitis

Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of mango peel and radish peel-a comparative investigation

Exploring the Wound Healing Potential of a Cuscuta chinensis Extract-Loaded Nanoemulsion-Based Gel

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