Cinemicrophotographic observation of aortic foam cells containing anisotropic lipid inclusions.

Takano, Tatsuya; Amanuma-Muto, Kimiko; Imanaka, Tsuneo; Ohkuma, Shoji

doi:10.1267/ahc.17.421

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A recent report by Yagi et of [33], which described the detection of hydroxyl radicals generated from LHPO in oxidatively modified LDL and suggested its cytotoxicity, also supports our present observations. Evidence has been accumulated showing that lipid-laden foam cells found in atheromatous lesions are derived from circulating monocytes [11,12] and macrophage-like modified smooth muscle cells [34]. The inhibitory effects of the in vivo oxidatively modified LDL on E-CHO-hydrolyzing enzymes of MNL and aorta may now be realized as one factor among many others that induces lipid-laden foam cells in the arterial wall and may thus contribute to the initiation and development of atherosclerotic changes in the aortic wall.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Formation of Oxidatively Modified Low-Density Lipoprotein and Its Inhibitory Effects on Cholesteryl Ester Hydrolases in the Rat.

Maehira

Yonaha

Nakazono

et al. 1994

J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Formation of Oxidatively Modified Low-Density Lipoprotein and Its Inhibitory Effects on Cholesteryl Ester Hydrolases in the Rat.

Maehira

Yonaha

Nakazono

et al. 1994

J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr.

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“…These granules are certainly lipids, because of following reasons. For examination of droplets in foam cells, these droplets were isolated on floatation sucrose density gradient centrifugation (13). The particles appeared spherical (1-31um in diameter) by scanning electron microscopy ( Fig.…”

Section: Fine Structure Of Foam Cells In Atheroscleroticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of macrophages in accumulation and elimination of cholesterol ester in atherosclerotic aorta.

Takano

Amanuma

Kimura

et al. 1986

Acta Histochem. Cytochem

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“…They consist mainly of cholesteryl esters (about 95%) and have been called cholesteryl ester-rich lipid droplets (7). Some of the lipid-laden foam cells are thought to be derived from macrophages (11,17, 23). Histochemical and ultrastructural observations have showen that the lipid droplets, with or without a limiting membrane, mainly accumulate in the cytoplasm of foam cells in early atherosclerotic lesions (16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracellular transport of cholesteryl esters from lysosomes to cytoplasm in macrophages.

Mineo

Kanaseki

Enomoto

et al. 1988

Cell Struct. Funct.

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ABSTRACT. The mechanism through which nonmembranous lipid inclusion bodies consisting of cholesteryl esters accumulate in the cytoplasm was studied. Most lipid inclusion bodies in macrophages after 24 h incubation with anisotropic cholesteryl oleate liquid crystals were surrounded by a limiting membrane. The limiting membrane, however, could not be observed after further incubation for 48 h in the presence of esterastin, which is known to be an inhibitor of lipase and esterase. Under these conditions, the levels of hydrolysis and re-esterification of cholesteryl esters were less than 15% and 5% of the control ones, respectively.These results suggest that the inclusion bodies were transferred from lysosomes to the cytoplasm, with partial hydrolysis of cholesteryl esters, in addition to through the pathway via microsomes.A prominent feature of atherosclerosis is the marked accumulation of lipids, especially cholesteryl esters, in the arterial walls (15). These lipids are observed as small droplets showing intense anisotropy on polarized microscopy (5). They have been isolated (13,18), and their biochemical (13, 18) and morphological characteristics (1, 7, 13, 18) have been examined. They consist mainly of cholesteryl esters (about 95%) and have been called cholesteryl ester-rich lipid droplets (7). Some of the lipid-laden foam cells are thought to be derived from macrophages (11,17, 23). Histochemical and ultrastructural observations have showen that the lipid droplets, with or without a limiting membrane, mainly accumulate in the cytoplasm of foam cells in early atherosclerotic lesions (16). Studies involving the quick-freeze, etching technique (1) also showed that the lipids that accumulated in foam cells were present as membrane-bound droplets in lysosomes and as membrane-free droplets, with a concentric lamillar structure, surrounded by 10 nm filaments.When macrophages are incubated with acetyl-LDL (acetylated low density lipoprotein), the acetyl-LDL is internalized through endocytosis and then delivered to lysosomes (2, 6). Cholesteryl esters in the lipoprotein are hydrolyzed in lysosomes, and free cholesterol is liberated. According to the hypothesis of Brown et al. (2), the free cholesterol is re-esterified by a microsomal acyl-CoA: cholesterol Abbreviations used: acetyl-LDL, acetylated low density lipoprotein; PBS(-), Can-, Mg2+ free phosphate-buffered saline; ACAT, acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase. 435

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Cinemicrophotographic observation of aortic foam cells containing anisotropic lipid inclusions.

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

In Vivo Formation of Oxidatively Modified Low-Density Lipoprotein and Its Inhibitory Effects on Cholesteryl Ester Hydrolases in the Rat.

In Vivo Formation of Oxidatively Modified Low-Density Lipoprotein and Its Inhibitory Effects on Cholesteryl Ester Hydrolases in the Rat.

Involvement of macrophages in accumulation and elimination of cholesterol ester in atherosclerotic aorta.

Intracellular transport of cholesteryl esters from lysosomes to cytoplasm in macrophages.

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