Cinematic rendering of cardiac CT volumetric data: Principles and initial observations

Abstract

CR is a promising method to enhance display volumetric CT data and should prove useful in diagnosis, treatment planning, surgical navigation, trainee education, and patient engagement. However, further study is needed to establish the advantaged and disadvantages of CR in comparison to other 3D methods.

Comparison of Cinematic Rendering and Computed Tomography for Speed and Comprehension of Surgical Anatomy

“…8 This enhanced simulation of the paths of light rays enables CR to provide images with higher quality compared with conventional volume-rendering techniques. 4,5,7,8,9,10,11,12,13…”

Value of the Cinematic Rendering From Volumetric Computed Tomography Data in Evaluating the Relationship Between Deep Soft Tissue Sarcomas of the Extremities and Adjacent Major Vessels: A Preliminary Study

“…The existing literature claimed that CR shows the best visualization for high-density and high-contrast structures such as contrast-enhanced vessels and simultaneously provides a more natural depiction of the rendered data. 8–11,16–25 More importantly, CR allows for a more intuitive understanding of the spatial anatomical structures around tumors, especially the spatial relationship between the lesions and the adjacent major vessels. 11,12 However, to our knowledge, there is no literature on the advantages and disadvantages of CR over conventional 2D images and VR for CT imaging data, which is necessary to assess a new technology.…”

CT cinematic rendering for pelvic primary tumor photorealistic visualization

“…Currently, two types of 3D rendering techniques are commonly used to visualize volumetric 3D data: surface shaded display (SSD) and volume rendering (VR). These techniques provide a global overview of volumetric data, along with detailed anatomical and pathological information which is usually more difficult to discern in conventional 2D images (1). SSD is considered to be the predecessor of the VR technique (VRT) and uses simple attenuation threshold segmentation to identify and display the surface of the object.…”

“…CR uses a global lighting model and direct and indirect lighting to create an image for rendering quality (4). This novel technology provides detailed photorealistic visualization of high-density objects, including contrast-enhanced blood vessels, vascularized structures, tissues, organs, and bones (1). Although some pioneering studies have demonstrated that CR exhibits great prospects in clinical application (1,(5)(6)(7), these studies were mainly performed to assess the cardiovascular system, abdominal organs, and traumatic fractures, and have not been performed for bone tumors, especially pelvic ones.…”