Ciliary reorientation is evoked by a rise in calcium level over the entire cilium

Iwadate, Yoshiaki; Suzaki, Toshinobu

doi:10.1002/cm.10165

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Calcium enters the cilia when calcium channels open. The concentration increase is spatially uniform along the cilium (Iwadate and Suzaki, 2004). It then decreases by three mechanisms: buffering, pumps, and diffusion.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An electrophysiological and kinematic model ofParamecium, the “swimming neuron”

Elices

Kulkarni

Escoubet

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Paramecium is a large unicellular organism that swims in fresh water using cilia. When stimulated by various means (mechanically, chemically, optically, thermally), it often swims backward then turns and swims forward again in a new direction: this is called the avoiding reaction. This reaction is triggered by a calcium-based action potential. For this reason, several authors have called Paramecium the "swimming neuron". Here we present an empirically constrained model of its action potential based on electrophysiology experiments on live immobilized paramecia, together with simultaneous measurement of ciliary beating using particle image velocimetry. Using these measurements and additional behavioral measurements of free swimming, we extend the electrophysiological model by coupling calcium concentration to kinematic parameters, turning it into a swimming model. In this way, we obtain a model of autonomously behaving Paramecium. Finally, we demonstrate how the modeled organism interacts with an environment, can follow gradients and display collective behavior. This work provides a modeling basis for investigating the physiological basis of autonomous behavior of Paramecium in ecological environments.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An electrophysiological and kinematic model ofParamecium, the “swimming neuron”

Elices

Kulkarni

Escoubet

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Calcium enters the cilia when calcium channels open. The concentration increase is spatially uniform along the cilium PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY [101]. It then decreases by three mechanisms: buffering, pumps, and diffusion.…”

Section: Plos Computational Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

An electrophysiological and kinematic model of Paramecium, the “swimming neuron”

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Paramecium is a large unicellular organism that swims in fresh water using cilia. When stimulated by various means (mechanically, chemically, optically, thermally), it often swims backward then turns and swims forward again in a new direction: this is called the avoiding reaction. This reaction is triggered by a calcium-based action potential. For this reason, several authors have called Paramecium the “swimming neuron”. Here we present an empirically constrained model of its action potential based on electrophysiology experiments on live immobilized paramecia, together with simultaneous measurement of ciliary beating using particle image velocimetry. Using these measurements and additional behavioral measurements of free swimming, we extend the electrophysiological model by coupling calcium concentration to kinematic parameters, turning it into a swimming model. In this way, we obtain a model of autonomously behaving Paramecium. Finally, we demonstrate how the modeled organism interacts with an environment, can follow gradients and display collective behavior. This work provides a modeling basis for investigating the physiological basis of autonomous behavior of Paramecium in ecological environments.

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“…The best‐studied predator–evasion model in ciliates is the Didinium‐Paramecium bi‐ciliate trophic interaction (Wesenberg & Antipa, ), for which the cellular mechanisms are known (Hara & Asai, ; Hara et al ., ; Miyake & Harumoto, ; Iwadate et al ., , , ). When predatory Didinium nasutum contact Paramecium spp.…”

Section: Cellular Mechanisms Governing Planktonic Ciliate Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The best-studied predator-evasion model in ciliates is the Didinium-Paramecium bi-ciliate trophic interaction (Wesenberg & Antipa, 1970), for which the cellular mechanisms are known (Hara & Asai, 1980;Hara et al, 1985;Miyake & Harumoto, 1996;Iwadate et al, 1997Iwadate et al, , 1999Iwadate et al, , 2004. When predatory Didinium nasutum contact Paramecium spp., membrane depolarization triggers a rise in intracellular Ca 2+ and a discharge of toxicysts, toxin bearing extrusive organelles that immobilize and capture the Paramecium spp.…”

Section: Predator Evasionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connecting alveolate cell biology with trophic ecology in the marine plankton using the ciliateFavellaas a model

Echevarria

Wolfe

Strom

et al. 2014

FEMS Microbiol Ecol

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Planktonic alveolates (ciliates and dinoflagellates), key trophic links in marine planktonic communities, exhibit complex behaviors that are underappreciated by microbiologists and ecologists. Furthermore, the physiological mechanisms underlying these behaviors are still poorly understood except in a few freshwater model ciliates, which are significantly different in cell structure and behavior than marine planktonic species. Here, we argue for an interdisciplinary research approach to connect physiological mechanisms with population-level outcomes of behaviors. Presenting the tintinnid ciliate Favella as a model alveolate, we review its population ecology, behavior, and cellular/molecular biology in the context of sensory biology and synthesize past research and current findings to construct a conceptual model describing the sensory biology of Favella. We discuss how emerging genomic information and new technical methods for integrating research across different levels of biological organization are paving the way for rapid advance. These research approaches will yield a deeper understanding of the role that planktonic alveolates may play in biogeochemical cycles, and how they may respond to future ocean conditions.

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Ciliary reorientation is evoked by a rise in calcium level over the entire cilium

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

An electrophysiological and kinematic model ofParamecium, the “swimming neuron”

An electrophysiological and kinematic model ofParamecium, the “swimming neuron”

An electrophysiological and kinematic model of Paramecium, the “swimming neuron”

Connecting alveolate cell biology with trophic ecology in the marine plankton using the ciliateFavellaas a model

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