Cigarette smoking, oral moist snuff use and glucose intolerance

Persson, Per-Gunnar; Carlsson, Sofia; Svanström, Leif; Östenson, Claes Göran; Efendić, Suad; Grill, Valdemar

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2796.2000.00708.x

Cited by 135 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…However, transient acute smoking does not appear to affect insulin secretion (27), and the long-term effects of tobacco use on insulin secretion remain unclear. In the Stockholm Diabetes Prevention study (28), a cross-sectional study of 3,129 middle-aged Swedish men, the risk of diabetes was increased in current smokers compared with former smokers. Hence, we can speculate that former smokers may not be exposed to such accentuated catecholamine levels and should not, therefore, have an increased risk of diabetes relative to nonsmokers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette Smoking and the Risk of Gestational and Pregestational Diabetes in Two Consecutive Pregnancies

et al. 2003

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OBJECTIVE -Cigarette smoking during pregnancy may increase the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or pregestational diabetes mellitus (PDM). Smoking has been associated positively with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in experimental studies, although the association with diabetes remains unclear. To further explore this issue, we examined the association with smoking in the largest prospective cohort study of GDM and PDM to date. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-The study population comprised 212,190 women in the population-based Swedish Birth Registry who had their first and second deliveries between January 1987 and December 1995. Maternal characteristics were recorded in a standardized manner at the first prenatal visit, followed by a clinical examination and a standardized in-person interview to assess lifestyle habits. Women were categorized as nonsmokers, light smokers (one to nine cigarettes per day), or moderate-to-heavy smokers (at least 10 cigarettes per day).RESULTS -Women with GDM in their first pregnancy experienced an eight-to ninefold increased risk of GDM or PDM in their second pregnancy. Cigarette smoking was not associated with increased risk of these conditions. Neither women who smoked during their first and second pregnancies nor those who commenced smoking between pregnancies had a higher risk of GDM or PDM than nonsmokers.CONCLUSIONS -Our findings do not support an association between cigarette smoking and risk of GDM or PDM in young women of childbearing age. Diabetes Care 26:2994 -2998, 2003G estational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as the onset or recognition of glucose intolerance during pregnancy (1). GDM has been associated with pre-eclampsia and perinatal conditions such as macrosomia, fetal hyperinsulinemia, and perinatal mortality (1,2). Women with GDM also have an increased risk of developing overt diabetes later in life (2). Thus, glucose control in pregnancy is an important way of reducing the risk of maternal and fetal complications.Cigarette smoking has been associated positively with HbA 1c levels, which reflect long-term glucose levels in some (3-5) but not all (6,7) studies to date. Cigarette smoking also has been associated positively with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in some (but not all) studies (8), including those that have compared the glucose response of smokers and nonsmokers in glucose tolerance tests. Nevertheless, the association between smoking and GDM itself remains unclear (8). The Nurses' Health Study (9), which is the only cohort study that has examined this association previously, found a statistically significant 40% increased risk of GDM among 1,433 current smokers compared with 10,288 never smokers. Supporting these findings, recent cross-sectional data among pregnant women in Scandinavia suggest that smoking Ն10 cigarettes per day affects glucose homeostasis in the direction of GDM (10). In contrast, no association between cigarette smoking and GDM was observed in a cross-sectional study of 10,000 maternity patients in New...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette Smoking and the Risk of Gestational and Pregestational Diabetes in Two Consecutive Pregnancies

et al. 2003

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“…Smoking also demonstrably increases the risk of contracting type 2 diabetes twofold to threefold compared with not smoking [23,24]. The cause is probably that the inflammation process induced by smoking leads to poor sensitivity to insulin and impairs the sensitive microcirculation in the muscles.…”

Section: Physical Inactivity and Smoking Important Explanatory Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cause is probably that the inflammation process induced by smoking leads to poor sensitivity to insulin and impairs the sensitive microcirculation in the muscles. The influence of snuff-taking on the risk of diabetes, on the other hand, is unclear [23,24].…”

Section: Physical Inactivity and Smoking Important Explanatory Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chapter 5.2: Major public health problems — diabetes

Eliasson

Boström²

2006

Scand J Public Health

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“…Therefore, the framework also depicts the possible influence of SES, lifestyle behaviours, body-size perception, and metabolic biomarkers on MetS. Smokeless tobacco and alcohol consumption have been shown to have a role in obesity and cardiometabolic diseases [18,19]. With increasing fat accumulation, the level of adiponectin (a hormone secreted from adipose tissue) is reduced, suggesting that it may have a role in MetS [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome in ageing black South African women

Gradidge

2017

Global Health Action

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Background: The incidence of obesity and related metabolic diseases is high and increasing in sub-Saharan African women. Evidence on the determinants of these diseases is limited, particularly in black South African women. Objective: This PhD review attempts to understand the determinants of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a population of ageing urban-dwelling black South African women. Methods: Drawing on the longitudinal Birth-to-Twenty-Plus cohort, data were collected in 2002/03 and 2012/13, including information on behavioural factors (smoking, sitting time, physical activity, smokeless tobacco, and alcohol consumption), body-size perception, body composition (measures of adiposity and lean mass), blood pressure, and cardiometabolic biomarkers (lipid profile, fasting insulin, fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, leptin, and adiponectin). Results: The prevalence of obesity and related cardiovascular disease risk was high and increased significantly over the 10 year period. Despite most of the study population being physically active, sitting time was high and associated with elevated blood pressure and hypertriglyceridaemia. Two groups of people were observed, those who were happy and those who were unhappy with their body size. In logistic regression analysis, the risk of MetS was lowered by abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue and adiponectin, and increased by age, smoking, truncal lean mass, and insulin resistance. Conclusions: Obesity was confirmed to be increasing in black South African women, despite most women being sufficiently active according to guidelines of ≥150 min activity/week. Nevertheless, the contribution of sitting time to poor health outcomes is evident in this study population and must be addressed, particularly in women who are content with being obese. The novel finding of the effects of abdominal subcutaneous tissue and truncal lean mass with MetS requires further investigation. The protective effect of adiponectin against MetS is an important finding which highlights the novel interaction between adiposity and cardiometabolic diseases in black South African women.

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Cigarette smoking, oral moist snuff use and glucose intolerance

Cited by 135 publications

References 27 publications

Cigarette Smoking and the Risk of Gestational and Pregestational Diabetes in Two Consecutive Pregnancies

Cigarette Smoking and the Risk of Gestational and Pregestational Diabetes in Two Consecutive Pregnancies

Chapter 5.2: Major public health problems — diabetes

Factors associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome in ageing black South African women

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