Cigarette Smoking Cessation Temporarily Enhances the Release of Phosphorylated-HSP27 from Human Platelets

Abstract

Objective Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for arteriopathy, including acute coronary syndrome, stroke and peripheral vascular disease. Thus, cessation is strongly recommended in order to reduce these risks. We recently demonstrated that smoking cessation causes temporary hyper-aggregability of human platelets. We previously showed that heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) is released from human platelets stimulated by collagen, accompanied by its phosphorylation. Accumulating evidence indicates potent roles of extracellular HSP27 as a modulator of inflammation. In the present study, using the stored samples obtained in the previous study, we investigated the effect of cigarette smoking cessation on the release of phosphorylated-HSP27 from collagen-activated human platelets (n=15 patients). Methods We enrolled patients who visited smoking cessation outpatient services between January 2012 and November 2014. Platelet-rich plasma, chronologically obtained before and after the cessation, was stimulated by collagen using a PA-200 aggregometer in the previous study. The levels of phosphorylated-HSP27 released from platelets were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The phosphorylation of HSP27 in platelets was evaluated by a Western blot analysis. Results Cessation of cigarette smoking significantly upregulated the levels of collagen-stimulated release of phosphorylated-HSP27 at four and eight weeks after quitting smoking compared to before cessation. However, there was no significant difference between the levels before cessation and those at 12 weeks after cessation. The levels of phosphorylated-HSP27 stimulated by collagen in the platelets at four weeks after smoking cessation were remarkably enhanced compared to before cessation. Conclusion Cigarette smoking cessation temporarily enhances the collagen-stimulated release of phosphorylated-HSP27 from human platelets in the short term.