Cigarette smoking among those with mental disorders in the US population: 2012–2013 update

Smith, Philip H.; Chhipa, Mohammad; Bystrik, Josef; Roy, Jordan; Goodwin, Renée D.; McKee, Sherry A.

doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054268

Cited by 42 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Among those with a common mental health disorder in England, smoking prevalence remains around 50% higher [4] and this increases further for more severe mental disorders [5]. Figures for the US similarly show an increased burden of smoking among those with mental health problems [6,7]. The relationship is complex but appears to be bidirectional [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health, smoking, harm reduction and quit attempts – a population survey in England

et al. 2020

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Background: Tobacco control strategies have engendered overall declines in smoking; however, a large gap remains between people with and without mental health problems, causing substantial health inequalities. Population-level information on barriers and opportunities for improvements is scarce. We aimed to assess mental health status of cigarette smokers and recent ex-smokers ('past-year smokers') in England, and smoking and harm reduction behaviour and quit attempts by mental health status. Methods: Data were collected from 5637 current and 434 recent ex-smokers in 2016/17 in household surveys of representative samples of adults. We calculated weighted prevalence of different indicators of mental health problem: a) ever diagnosis, b) none, moderate, serious past-month distress, c) past-year treatment. We compared weighted smoking status, cigarette type, dependence, motivation to stop smoking, cutting down, use of nicotine replacement therapy or e-cigarettes, short-term abstinence, and quit attempts according to mental health status. Results: Among past-year smokers: 35.9% ever had a diagnosis; 24.3% had experienced moderate, an additional 9.7% serious, past-month distress; 21.9% had had past-year treatment. Those with an indication of a mental health problem were more highly dependent and more likely to smoke roll-your-own cigarettes but also more likely to be motivated to stop smoking, to cut down, use nicotine replacement therapy or e-cigarettes and to have attempted to quit in the past year. Conclusions: About a third of cigarette smokers in England have mental health problems. Interventions should address their increased dependence and leverage higher prevalence of harm reduction behaviours, motivation to stop and attempts to stop smoking.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health, smoking, harm reduction and quit attempts – a population survey in England

et al. 2020

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“…Among those with a common mental health disorder in England, smoking prevalence remains around 50% higher [5], and this increases further for more severe mental disorders [6]. Figures for the US also show an increased burden of smoking among those with mental health problems [7][8][9]. About one third of smokers have a mental health problem [6,10], and the relationship between mental health and smoking is complex and appears to be bidirectional [4,11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health and smoking cessation—a population survey in England

Brose

Brown

McNeill

2020

BMC Med

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Background: To reduce inequalities between individuals with and without mental health problems, a better understanding is required of triggers and success of quit attempts among the third of smokers with mental health problems. The aim was to assess whether there are differences by mental health status in (i) triggers for quit attempts, (ii) use of evidence-based support (iii) and quit success. Methods: Monthly cross-sectional household surveys of representative samples of the adult population in England. In 2016/2017, 40,831 adults were surveyed; 1956 who had attempted to stop smoking cigarettes in the past year were included. Logistic regressions assessed associations between mental health (ever diagnosis, past-year treatment, past-month distress), triggers, support used and quit success, adjusting for sociodemographic and smoking characteristics. Results: Concern about future health, current health problems and expense of smoking were the most common triggers overall. For respondents with an ever diagnosis, past-year treatment or serious past-month distress, quit attempts were more frequently triggered by current health problems. Non-evidence-based support and e-cigarettes were used most often, and this did not differ by mental health status. Respondents with an ever diagnosis and moderate or serious distress were less likely to have used non-prescription nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). Respondents with past-year treatment or serious distress were more likely to have used prescription medication/ behavioural support. Quit success did not differ by mental health status. Compared with non-evidence-based support, non-prescription NRT conferred no benefit. There was some evidence that prescription medication/ behavioural support was beneficial (depending on outcome and adjustment, ORs ranged from 1.46, 95% CI 0.92-2.31, to 1.69, 1.01-2.86). E-cigarettes were associated with higher success rates after adjustment for different indicators of mental health (ORs ranged from 2.21, 1.64-2.98, to 2.25, 1.59-3.18). Conclusions: Smokers with mental health problems were more likely to have attempted to quit because of health problems and were more likely to have used gold standard support (medication and behavioural support) than other smokers. E-cigarettes were strongly associated with increased success and were used similarly by those with and without mental health problems, indicating that improved uptake of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation among smokers with mental health problems could help address inequalities.

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“…Smith PH, et al found a high prevalence of smoking among patients with depression, general anxiety disorders, and mental disorders. They found that smoking is more common among individuals with mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, with the highest rates among those with bipolar and substance use disorders [17]. To note the important function of BDNF in the nervous system, we decided to evaluate the epigenetic changes of the BDNF gene in the smokers' individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette Smoking Reduces BDNF in Heavy Smokers

Miladpour¹,

Mohammadian²,

Kavousipour³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Cigarette smoke is a powerful environmental modifier of DNA methylation. BDNF is a neurotrophin family of growth factors and is important in growth, progression, regeneration, survival, maintenance, and function of neurons. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the epigenetic changes, serum level, and gene expression of BDNF, in cigarette smokers. Methods: To assess the BDNF DNA methylation, peripheral blood samples were obtained from 237 cigarette smokers and 90 healthy nonsmokers as controls. DNA methylation was evaluated with MS-PCR. Gene expression and serum level were carried out with qRT-PCR and ELISA assay respectively. Results: The results from MS-PCR showed that DNA methylation of BDNF gene is more significant in heavy smokers than healthy nonsmokers as control (p-value <0.05). Serum level of BDNF and gene expression is significantly lower in heavy smokers than in healthy nonsmokers (p-value <0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, heavy smoking can modify BDNF gene epigenetics. The serum levels of BDNF and the gene expression decreases in heavy smokers compared to healthy nonsmokers.

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Cigarette smoking among those with mental disorders in the US population: 2012–2013 update

Cited by 42 publications

References 46 publications

Mental health, smoking, harm reduction and quit attempts – a population survey in England

Mental health, smoking, harm reduction and quit attempts – a population survey in England

Mental health and smoking cessation—a population survey in England

Cigarette Smoking Reduces BDNF in Heavy Smokers

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