Ci antagonizes Hippo signaling in the somatic cells of the ovary to drive germline stem cell differentiation

Li, Chaoyi; Kan, Lijuan; Chen, Yan; Zheng, Xiu-Deng; Li, Weini; Zhang, Wenxin; Cao, Lei; Lin, Xiaohui; Ji, Shanming; Huang, Shoujun; Zhang, Guoqiang; Liu, Xiaohui; Tao, Yi; Wu, Shian; Chen, Dahua

doi:10.1038/cr.2015.114

Cited by 30 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…S4E). In line with this, recent studies have shown that knocking down hh in the niche by bab1-gal4 does not result in GSC loss, in contrast to the GSC loss phenotype observed in en i germaria (Li et al, 2015a;Liu et al, 2015;Lu et al, 2015). We further conducted genetic rescue experiments by ectopically expressing hh in cap cells of the en i germarium.…”

Section: En Controls Dpp Expression In Cap Cellsmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…Interestingly, one previous publication showed that germaria bearing cap cells mutant for En exhibited a GSC loss phenotype (Rojas-Rios et al, 2012), indicating a role for cap cell-expressed En in maintaining GSCs non-cellautonomously. Although this report also suggested that En maintains GSCs indirectly by promoting dpp expression in ECs via Hh signaling (Rojas-Rios et al, 2012), several recent studies showed that Hh signaling in ECs instead promotes GSC differentiation (Li et al, 2015a;Liu et al, 2015;Lu et al, 2015). It was also reported that ectopic expression of En, but not Hh, in ECs results in an expansion of GSC-like cells with expanded Dpp signaling activation outside the niche (Eliazer et al, 2014), suggesting that En can promote Dpp signaling independently of Hh.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Engrailed acts with Nejire to control decapentaplegic expression in the Drosophila ovarian stem cell niche

2017

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Homeostasis of adult tissues is maintained by a small number of stem cells, which are sustained by their niches. In the female germline stem cell (GSC) niche, Decapentaplegic (Dpp) is the primary factor that promotes GSC self-renewal. However, the mechanism regulating expression in the niche is largely unknown. Here, we identify a 2.0 kb fragment located in a 5' -regulatory region of the locus containing enhancer activity that drives its expression in the niche. This region is distinct from a previously characterized 3' -regulatory enhancer responsible for expression in imaginal discs. Our data demonstrate that Engrailed, a homeodomain-containing transcription factor that serves as a cap cell marker, binds to this region and regulates expression in cap cells. Further data suggest that En forms a complex with Nejire (Nej), the ortholog of histone acetyltransferase CBP/p300, and directs Nej to this -regulatory region where Nej functions as the co-activator for expression. Therefore, our study defines the molecular pathway controlling expression in the ovarian stem cell niche.

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Section: En Controls Dpp Expression In Cap Cellsmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Engrailed acts with Nejire to control decapentaplegic expression in the Drosophila ovarian stem cell niche

2017

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“…On the other hand, the capture-and-release model is compatible with an inductive role for ECs in GSC differentiation, as it predicts that the serial contacts of the few wild-type ECs with many cysts could overall rescue germ cell differentiation. In support of an inductive role for ECs, three groups have reported the existence of 'cystoblast tumours' (Kirilly et al, 2011;Li et al, 2015;Maimon et al, 2014). These 'tumours' consist of bam-expressing cells that cannot differentiate further to make cysts.…”

Section: Ecs Dynamically Associate With and Induce Germ Cell Differenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escort cells generate a dynamic compartment for germline stem cell differentiation via combined Stat and Erk signalling

et al. 2017

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Two different compartments support germline stem cell (GSC) selfrenewal and their timely differentiation: the classical niche provides maintenance cues, while a differentiation compartment, formed by somatic escort cells (ECs), is required for proper GSC differentiation. ECs extend long protrusions that invade between tightly packed germ cells, and alternate between encapsulating and releasing them. How ECs achieve this dynamic balance has not been resolved. By combining live imaging and genetic analyses in Drosophila, we have characterised EC shapes and their dynamic changes. We show that germ cell encapsulation by ECs is a communal phenomenon, whereby EC-EC contacts stabilise an extensive meshwork of protrusions. We further show that Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (Stat) and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (Egfr) signalling sustain EC protrusiveness and flexibility by combinatorially affecting the activity of different RhoGTPases. Our results reveal how a complex signalling network can determine the shape of a cell and its dynamic behaviour. It also explains how the differentiation compartment can establish extensive contacts with germ cells, while allowing a continual posterior movement of differentiating GSC daughters.

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“…Hh mutation in the GSCs niche affects the GSC population at a lower rate which may suggest that it has a minor role in GSC maintenance [19]. Additionally, Hh signalling activation in ECs promotes germline differentiation [20][21][22]. Besides that, the Notch signalling controls the formation of GSC niche, whereby elevated Notch signalling resulted in increased niche size (CC number) and hence more GSCs; reduced Notch signalling resulted in decreased CC number and niche size which in turn reduced the number of GSCs (Figure 1) [23].…”

Section: The Drosophila Ovary and Testis Germ Cell System 21 The Drmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Regulation of Germline Stem Cells and Their Neighbouring Somatic Cells in the Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster)

Tan¹,

Cai²,

Baeg³

2018

Germ Cell

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The Drosophila germline stem cells (GSCs) remain as one of the most well-understood adult stem cells. The number of stem cells that self-renews and differentiates must be tightly controlled to maintain tissue homeostasis. The Drosophila GSCs are maintained by local signals emanated from the niche, which is composed of the surrounding somatic cells. Notably, GSC homeostasis is also known to be influenced by systemic signals and external stimuli. The Drosophila hormone ecdysone and its signalling cascade were found to regulate GSC homeostasis. The insulin signalling pathway as well as nutrient availability can also regulate GSC number. Furthermore, neuronal sex peptide signalling induced in female flies after mating was shown to increase GSC number. Hence, the Drosophila GSC system serves as a useful model towards understanding the mammalian stem cells. Compared with the mammalian stem cell models, the Drosophila GSC system is anatomically simpler where stem cells can be easily identified, imaged and manipulated genetically. Nevertheless, recent findings have facilitated our understanding into how GSCs and their neighbouring somatic cells sense and respond to changes in a variety of local, systemic and external stimuli.

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Ci antagonizes Hippo signaling in the somatic cells of the ovary to drive germline stem cell differentiation

Cited by 30 publications

References 55 publications

Engrailed acts with Nejire to control decapentaplegic expression in the Drosophila ovarian stem cell niche

Engrailed acts with Nejire to control decapentaplegic expression in the Drosophila ovarian stem cell niche

Escort cells generate a dynamic compartment for germline stem cell differentiation via combined Stat and Erk signalling

The Regulation of Germline Stem Cells and Their Neighbouring Somatic Cells in the Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster)

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