Churchill, a Zinc Finger Transcriptional Activator, Regulates the Transition between Gastrulation and Neurulation

Sheng, Guojun; Reis, Mario dos; Stern, Claudio D.

doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00927-9

Cited by 184 publications

(262 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Thus, in the early chick gastrula, Snail-2 in possible conjunction with Brachyury may promote a rapid switch between E-and N-cadherin in primitive streak cells, associated with complete EMT. On the other hand, although Zeb-2 has been found to perform the same roles as Snail-1/2 in epithelial cells maintained in vitro (Thiery and Sleeman, 2006;Peinado et al, 2007;Vandewalle et al, 2009), our data show that, during neural induction, its expression does not correlate with events of EMT and previous functional studies revealed that, rather than inducing disintegration of the epithelial structure, its ectopic expression in the epiblast at the gastrula stage prevents EMT and cell movements through the primitive streak (Sheng et al, 2003). Moreover, Zeb-2 is also known to be a potent repressor of Brachyury (Papin et al, 2002;Sheng et al, 2003).…”

Section: Fig 2 Expression Patterns Of E-and N-cadherins and Their Tcontrasting

confidence: 49%

“…On the other hand, misexpression of Sox-2 in the cranial ectoderm of early chick embryos has been found to cause ectopic N-cadherin expression, indicating that Sox-2 is sufficient to drive expression of N-cadherin in neurectodermal tissues (Matsumata et al, 2005). In addition, in agreement with the fact that both factors have been ascribed critical roles in neural induction in chick and Xenopus (Eisaki et al, 2000;Sheng et al, 2003;Uchikawa et al, 2003Uchikawa et al, , 2011Takemoto et al, 2006), we also found that Sox-2 and Zeb-2 are induced almost coincidently in neural plate cells at an early step of neural induction. These observations therefore suggest that Sox-2 and Zeb-2, in conjunction, are key players in the spatiotemporal control of the E-to Ncadherin switch in the nervous system.…”

Section: Timing and Kinetics Of E-to N-cadherin Switch During Early Nmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Of interest, its expression pattern matched precisely that of Brachyury, a T-box transcription factor involved in mesoderm formation (Kispert et al, 1995). While they were not detected at stage HH3 (not shown, but see Sheng et al, 2003;Uchikawa et al, 2003Uchikawa et al, , 2011, Sox-2 and Zeb-2 became both induced in conjunction at stage HH4 in the neural plate. Snail-2, in contrast, was absent from this region, being essentially confined to the primitive streak (see also Sefton et al, 1998;Acloque et al, 2011).…”

Section: Timing and Kinetics Of E-to N-cadherin Switch During Early Nmentioning

confidence: 69%

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Timing and kinetics of E‐ to N‐cadherin switch during neurulation in the avian embryo

Dady

Blavet

Duband

2012

Developmental Dynamics

104

132

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Background: During embryonic development, cadherin switches are correlated with tissue remodelings, such as epithelium-to-mesenchyme transition (EMT). An E-to N-cadherin switch also occurs during neurogenesis, but this is not accompanied with EMT. The biological significance of this switch is currently unknown. Results: We analyzed the timing and kinetics of the E-to N-cadherin switch during early neural induction and neurulation in the chick embryo, in relation to the patterns of their transcriptional regulators. We found that deployment of the E-to N-cadherin switch program varies considerably along the embryonic axis. Rostrally in regions of primary neurulation, it occurs progressively both in time and space in a manner that appears neither in connection with morphological transformation of neural epithelial cells nor in synchrony with movements of neurulation. Caudally, in regions of secondary neurulation, neurogenesis was not associated with cadherin switch as N-cadherin pre-existed before formation of the neural tube. We also found that, during neural development, cadherin switch is orchestrated by a set of transcriptional regulators distinct from those involved in EMT. Conclusions: Our results indicate that cadherin switch correlates with the partition of the neurectoderm into its three main populations: ectoderm, neural crest, and neural tube.

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Section: Fig 2 Expression Patterns Of E-and N-cadherins and Their Tcontrasting

confidence: 49%

Section: Timing and Kinetics Of E-to N-cadherin Switch During Early Nmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Timing and Kinetics Of E-to N-cadherin Switch During Early Nmentioning

confidence: 69%

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Timing and kinetics of E‐ to N‐cadherin switch during neurulation in the avian embryo

Dady

Blavet

Duband

2012

Developmental Dynamics

104

132

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“…Churchill encodes a zinc finger transcription factor (Sheng et al 2003), and Sprouty encodes a ring finger ubiquitin ligase that acts as an intracellular inhibitor of FGF signaling (Kim and Bar-Sagi 2004;Nutt et al 2001;Sivak et al 2005). In a Bayesian phylogenetic analysis, NvSprouty shows a sister group relationship to both Drosophila and vertebrate Sprouty genes with 100% posterior probability (S3), and NvChurchill shows a sister group relationship to the urchin ortholog of Churchill with 100% posterior probability (S4).…”

Section: The Identification Of Fgf Signaling Pathway Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FGF signals often work in concert with other important pathways, such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), Wnt, Hedgehog, and Notch (Gerhart 1999). In both invertebrates and vertebrates, FGF signaling functions in body plan patterning, including mesoderm and neural induction and coordinate cell movements during gastrulation (Bertrand et al 2003;De Robertis and Kuroda 2004;Isaacs et al 1994;Popovici et al 2005;Rossant et al 1997;Sheng et al 2003;Sivak et al 2005;Stathopoulos et al 2004). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FGF signaling in gastrulation and neural development in Nematostella vectensis, an anthozoan cnidarian

2007

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The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signal transduction pathway serves as one of the key regulators of early metazoan development, displaying conserved roles in the specification of endodermal, mesodermal, and neural fates during vertebrate development. FGF signals also regulate gastrulation, in part, by triggering epithelial to mesenchymal transitions in embryos of both vertebrates and invertebrates. Thus, FGF signals coordinate gastrulation movements across many different phyla. To help understand the breadth of FGF signaling deployment across the animal kingdom, we have examined the presence and expression of genes encoding FGF pathway components in the anthozoan cnidarian Nematostella vectensis. We isolated three FGF ligands (NvFGF8A, NvFGF8B, and NvFGF1A), two FGF receptors (NvFGFRa and NvFGFRb), and two orthologs of vertebrate FGF responsive genes, Sprouty (NvSprouty), an inhibitor of FGF signaling, and Churchill (NvChurchill), a Zn finger transcription factor. We found these FGF ligands, receptors, and response gene expressed asymmetrically along the oral/aboral axis during gastrulation and in a developing chemosensory structure of planula stages known as the apical tuft. These results suggest a conserved role for FGF signaling molecules in coordinating both gastrulation and neural induction that predates the Cambrian explosion and the origins of the Bilateria.

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Cleavage and Gastrulation in Avian Embryos

Stern

2009

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Avian embryos differ from those of other vertebrates in several respects – among them, they have a large mass of yolk, the cells initially divide from the centre of a disk with cleavage planes that open into the yolk, and the embryo has great ability to regulate until very late stages of development. After approximately 20 000 cells have been generated, gastrulation begins. This process generates the primitive streak which defines bilateral symmetry, and through which cells from the superficial layer (epiblast) ingress to generate two new layers of embryonic cells (mesoderm and endoderm). This period of development starts to define the three axes of the future embryo (head–tail, dorsoventral and left–right), and it is at this time that many cell fates start to be fixed. Key concepts: Avian embryos cleave meroblastically: the cleavage planes are initially open to the yolk and generate a disc with smaller cells in the middle and larger, yolky cells outside. Gastrulation is the process by which the embryo generates three germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. It involves massive cell movements as well as specification of cell fates through differential gene expression. As cells move around the embryo, they change their patterns of gene expression according to their current position. Therefore during early development, gene expression marks cell states rather than cell fates. The mechanisms of early development are largely conserved between different vertebrate classes but there are also some differences. Amniote (reptiles, birds and mammals) embryos have a unique capacity to regulate , meaning that when an embryo is cut into half or smaller pieces each piece can generate a whole embryo. Embryos retain this ability right up to the start of gastrulation and this is probably one of the processes responsible for generating identical twins. Neural induction subdivides the ectoderm into neural (future nervous system) and non‐neural (future skin and sensory organs in the head) territories. Neural‐inducing signals in avian embryos arise from the ‘organizer’, Hensen's node. The final head–tail axis of the embryo does not correspond to the axis of the primitive streak (which correlates better with axial and lateral fates). Mesodermal cells that will occupy more cranial positions emerge earlier from the streak than those that will end up in the trunk and tail. After gastrulation, the embryo has mechanisms that convert ‘time’ information into ‘positional identity’.

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Churchill, a Zinc Finger Transcriptional Activator, Regulates the Transition between Gastrulation and Neurulation

Cited by 184 publications

References 58 publications

Timing and kinetics of E‐ to N‐cadherin switch during neurulation in the avian embryo

Timing and kinetics of E‐ to N‐cadherin switch during neurulation in the avian embryo

FGF signaling in gastrulation and neural development in Nematostella vectensis, an anthozoan cnidarian

Cleavage and Gastrulation in Avian Embryos

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