Chunky Graphite in Low and High Silicon Spheroidal Graphite Cast Irons–Occurrence, Control and Effect on Mechanical Properties

Abstract

Chunky graphite appears easily in heavy-section spheroidal graphite cast irons and is known to affect their mechanical properties. A dedicated experiment has been developed to study the effect of the most important chemical variables reported to change the amount of chunky graphite, namely the content in silicon and in rare earths. Quite unexpectedly, controlled rare earths contents appear beneficial for decreasing chunky graphite when using standard charge materials. Tin is shown to decrease chunky graphite appearance and it is evidenced that this effect is not related to rare earths. Finally, the effect of tin and antimony are compared and it is noticed that both suppress chunky graphite but also lead to some spiky graphite when no rare earth is added. Chunky graphite negatively affects the room temperature mechanical properties, though much more in the case of low silicon spheroidal graphite cast irons than in high silicon ones. Spiky graphite has been found to be much more detrimental and should thus be avoided.

Predicción de propiedades mecánicas mediante simulación del proceso de fundición

“…Para aquellos materiales no completamente definidos en las normas internacionales, se recomienda tener en cuenta el grafito degenerado [39][40][41][42] en los acuerdos finales entre fabricante y comprador [32]. Posiblemente la causa principal de tener que realizar grandes ajustes en la predicción de propiedades mecánicas en MAGMA, al menos en el caso de fundición nodular, sea precisamente la presencia de malformaciones grafíticas en el material.…”