Chubutemys, a New Eucryptodiran Turtle from the Early Cretaceous of Argentina, and the Relationships of the Meiolaniidae

Gaffney, Eugene S.; Rich, Thomas H.; Rich, Patricia Vickers; Constantine, Andrew; Vacca, Raul; Kool, Lesley

doi:10.1206/0003-0082(2007)3599[1:canetf]2.0.co;2

Cited by 103 publications

(245 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In this study, the clade Plesiochelyidae included Plesiochelys (scored based on Plesiochelys etalloni and Plesiochelys planiceps), Portlandemys mcdowelli, and Jurassichelon oleronensis (their "Thalassemys"). In all subsequent phylogenetic analyses published up to 2007 in which these turtles were included, "plesiochelyids" formed a single terminal taxon, which prevented a test of their monophyly and internal relationships (Gaffney et al 1991(Gaffney et al , 2007Gaffney 1996;Hirayama et al 2000). Gaffney et al (2007) found Solnhofia parsonsi to be the sister group of a unified " P l e s i o c h e l y i d a e , " h i n t i n g t o a m o n o p h y l e t i c Thalassochelydia.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the fossil record of turtles of the clade Thalassochelydia

Anquetin¹,

Püntener²,

Joyce³

2017

Preprint

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POSTPRINTThis is a postprint of the following peer-reviewed publication: AbstractThe Late Jurassic (Oxfordian to Tithonian) fossil record of Europe and South America has yielded a particularly rich assemblage of aquatic pan-cryptodiran turtles that are herein tentatively hypothesized to form a monophyletic group named Thalassochelydia. Thalassochelydians were traditionally referred to three families, Eurysternidae, Plesiochelyidae, and Thalassemydidae, but the current understanding of phylogenetic relationships is insufficient to support the monophyly of either group. Given their pervasive usage in the literature, however, these three names are herein retained informally. Relationships with marine turtles from the Cretaceous have been suggested in the past, but these hypotheses still lack strong character support. Thalassochelydians are universally found in near-shore marine sediments and show adaptations to aquatic habitats, but isotopic evidence hints at a broad spectrum of specializations ranging from freshwater aquatic to fully marine. A taxonomic review of the group concludes that of 68 named taxa, 27 are nomina valida, 18 are nomina invalida, 18 are nomina dubia, and 5 nomina oblita.

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Section: Phylogenetic Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the fossil record of turtles of the clade Thalassochelydia

Anquetin¹,

Püntener²,

Joyce³

2017

Preprint

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“…The meiolaniids Ninjemys oweni from the Pleistocene of Australia and Niolamia argentina from the ?Eocene of Argentina (Gaffney 1996) are included in order to partly bridge the temporal and morphological gap between Meiolania platyceps and other turtles. Otwayemys cunicularius from the Early Cretaceous of Australia and Chubutemys copelloi from the Early Cretaceous of Argentina are included in order to test their proposed relationships with meiolaniids (Gaffney et al 2007). Finally, Naomichelys speciosa, a large turtle from the Early Cretaceous of North America, is tentatively included in a phylogenetic analysis for the first time based on the observation of an undescribed, complete individual (FMNH PR273).…”

Section: Taxon Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most phylogenetic analyses that considered the whole turtle clade have used Proganochelys quenstedti and/or a chimeric hypothetical ancestor consisting of a mixture between P. quenstedti and other amniotes as the outgroup (e.g., Dryden 1988;Gaffney et al 1991;Rougier et al 1995;Gaffney 1996;Shaffer et al 1997;Brinkman & Wu 1999;Hirayama et al 2000;Gaffney et al 2007;Joyce 2007;). Character polarisation aside, the general premise for outgroup comparison rests on the testing of ingroup monophyly, as long as more than one outgroup is used.…”

Section: Outgroupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the most commonly accepted pattern of relationships (e.g., Gaffney 1975aGaffney , 1990Gaffney , 1996Gaffney & Meylan 1988;Gaffney et al 1991;Brinkman & Wu 1999;Hirayama et al 2000;Gaffney et al 2007;, the phylogenetic stem of Testudines (sensu ) is restricted to Proganochelys quenstedti (Late Triassic, Germany), Palaeochersis talampayensis (Late Triassic, Argentina) and Australochelys africanus (Early Jurassic, South Africa). The recently described Late Triassic Odontochelys semitestacea should be added to the previous list as the most basal stem turtle (Li et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rougier et al (1995) proposed that Proterochersis robusta was a stem turtle rather than a basal pleurodire. Joyce (2007) excluded from his analysis several early turtles whose relationships were uncertain: e.g., Indochelys spatulata (Datta et al 2000), chengyuchelyids (e.g., Ye 1994;Danilov & Parham 2008), Siamochelys peninsularis (Tong et al 2002), and Otwayemys cunicularius (Gaffney et al 1998). Additionally, several new basal turtles have been described since Joyce (2007) was published: Heckerochelys romani (Sukhanov 2006), Condorchelys antiqua (Sterli 2008;Sterli & de la Fuente 2010), Odontochelys semitestacea (Li et al 2008) and Eileanchelys waldmani (Anquetin et al 2009;Anquetin in press).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reassessment of the phylogenetic interrelationships of basal turtles (Testudinata)

Anquetin¹

2017

Preprint

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Recent discoveries from the Late Triassic and Middle Jurassic have significantly improved the fossil record of early turtles. These new forms offer a unique opportunity to test the interrelationships of basal turtles. Nineteen fossil species are added to the taxon sample of the most comprehensive morphological phylogenetic analysis of the turtle clade. Among these additional species are recently discovered forms (e.g., Odontochelys semitestacea, Eileanchelys waldmani, Condorchelys antiqua), taxa generally omitted from previous analyses (e.g., chengyuchelyids, Sichuanchelys chowi) and species included in a phylogenetic analysis for the first time (Naomichelys speciosa and Siamochelys peninsularis). The coding of several characters is reassessed in light of recent observations, but also in order to reduce unwarranted assumptions on character and character state homologies. Additional characters from previous analyses, as well as five new ones, are also included, resulting in a data matrix of 178 characters scored for 86 turtle species and 7 fossil outgroups.The data set resolves the relationships of most newly included taxa, with the exception of Sichuanchelys chowi and 'Chengyuchelys' dashanpuensis. The phylogenetic placement of Heckerochelys romani, Condorchelys antiqua and Eileanchelys waldmani as stem turtles more derived than Kayentachelys aprix but more basal than Meiolania platyceps and Mongolochelys efremovi is corroborated. The relationships of chengyuchelyids remain unclear and more investigation is needed regarding these forms, yet interestingly they are unstable with respect to stem turtles. In contrast to previous analyses, Arundelemys dardeni is placed within pleurosternids. Siamochelys peninsularis falls within xinjiangchelyids. Perhaps the most salient conclusion of the present study is the placement of Naomichelys speciosa as a basal member of a clade uniting meiolaniids, Mongolochelys efremovi and Otwayemys cunicularius. This clade of rather large stem turtles was spread worldwide during the Mesozoic at least and persisted up until the Pleistocene with meiolaniids.This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.CC-BY 4.0

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A large non‐marine turtle from the Upper Cretaceous of Alabama and a review of North American “Macrobaenids”

Gentry

Kiernan

Parham

2022

The Anatomical Record

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The abundant record of marine turtles from the Late Cretaceous of Appalachia contrasts with the relatively poor record of contemporaneous terrestrial and freshwater species. A new taxon from the Santonian‐Campanian of Alabama, Appalachemys ebersolei gen. et sp. nov., is described here and assigned to a grade of freshwater turtles known as “macrobaenids.” Appalachemys can be differentiated from other “macrobaenids” by the presence of a nearly round carapace, deep nuchal emargination, and nine pairs of costals. With a carapace more than 80 cm in length, Appalachemys is among the largest freshwater turtles to ever inhabit North America. The absence of pre‐Campanian “macrobaenids” from Laramidia indicates that the North American distribution of this grade may have been restricted to Appalachia prior to the recession of the Western Interior Seaway. Phylogenetic analysis places Appalachemys as the sister taxon to all post‐Santonian “macrobaenids.” Although the phylogeny lacks statistical support, it demonstrates morphological similarities between the K/Pg boundary species Osteopygis emarginatus and Maastrichtian‐Danian species referred to Judithemys. We, therefore, refer all but the Campanian type species of Judithemys to the genus Osteopygis. A review of all North American “macrobaenid” occurrences reveals that despite originating in Asia, the record of the grade (as defined here) is predominantly North American. Future studies can test whether late Paleocene records in Asia and Europe resulted from dispersal from North America.

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Chubutemys, a New Eucryptodiran Turtle from the Early Cretaceous of Argentina, and the Relationships of the Meiolaniidae

Cited by 103 publications

References 22 publications

A review of the fossil record of turtles of the clade Thalassochelydia

A review of the fossil record of turtles of the clade Thalassochelydia

Reassessment of the phylogenetic interrelationships of basal turtles (Testudinata)

A large non‐marine turtle from the Upper Cretaceous of Alabama and a review of North American “Macrobaenids”

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