Chronset: An automated tool for detecting speech onset

Roux, Frédéric; Armstrong, Blair C.; Carreiras, Manuel

doi:10.3758/s13428-016-0830-1

Cited by 69 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Accuracy was coded as: 0 - no response; 1 – correct response, 2 - wrong word (e.g., ‘dress’ instead of ‘skirt’); 3 – wrong language (only for the blocked and mandatory trials); 4 - combination of two languages (e.g., ‘suk-cocina’, /kitchen/). Reaction times were obtained through Chronset software (Roux, Armstrong & Carreiras, 2017) and later manually checked using CheckVocal (Protopapas, 2007). When a response started with a hesitation, response onset was scored as the actual word onset.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do bilinguals switch between languages in different interactional contexts? A comparison between voluntary and mandatory language switching

2019

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How bilinguals switch between languages depends on the context. In a voluntary context, bilinguals are free to decide when to switch, whereas in a cued context they are instructed when to switch. While using two languages may be more costly than using one in cued switching ('mixing cost'), recent evidence suggests that voluntarily using two languages may be less effortful than using one ('mixing benefit'). Direct comparisons between mandatory and voluntary switching, however, are needed to better understand the effects of the interactional context on bilingual language control. The current study compared mandatory and voluntary switching within the same task, thus keeping the overall task characteristics the same. We observed overall slower mandatory responses and larger mandatory than voluntary mixing and switching effects. Thus, using two languages is more costly in a mandatory than voluntary context, showing that the interactional context can affect the effort needed to control two languages.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do bilinguals switch between languages in different interactional contexts? A comparison between voluntary and mandatory language switching

2019

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“…In order to avoid any sort of experimental bias, he was not aware of the specific condition of the trial, but only of the target numerosity. This method of measurement of vocal onset, although highly time-consuming, is still considered the gold standard in the literature (Protopapas, 2007;Jansen & Watter, 2008;Roux, Armstrong, & Carreiras, 2017). Automatized measures gave similar, though less accurate, results.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Grouping mechanisms in numerosity perception

Ciccione¹,

Dehaene²

2020

Preprint

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Enumeration of a dot array is faster and easier if the items form recognizable subgroups. This phenomenon, which has been termed groupitizing, appears in children after one year of formal education and correlates with arithmetic abilities. We formulated and tested the hypothesis that groupitizing reflects an ability to sidestep counting by using arithmetic shortcuts, for instance using the grouping structure to add or multiply rather than just count. Three groups of students with different levels of familiarity with mathematics were asked to name the numerosity of sets of 1-15 dots in various arrangements, for instance 9 represented as a single group of 9 items, three distinct groups of 2, 3, and 4 items (affording addition 2+3+4), or three identical groups of 3 items (affording multiplication 3x3). Grouping systematically improved enumeration performance, regardless of whether the items were grouped spatially or by color alone, but only when an array was divided into subgroups with the same number of items. Response times and error patterns supported the hypothesis of a multiplication process. Our results demonstrate that even a simple enumeration task implicitly involves mental arithmetic.

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“…The voice onset times were detected using Chronset [53], and checked manually using Praat [54]. The onsets were determined at the start of each word, excluding stuttering or "uhms".…”

Section: Reaction Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel multi-word paradigm for investigating semantic context effects in language production

Scherpenberg¹,

Rahman²,

Obrig³

2020

PLoS ONE

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Semantic context modulates precision and speed of language production. Using different experimental designs including the Picture-Word-Interference (PWI) paradigm, it has consistently been shown that categorically related distractor words (e.g., cat) inhibit retrieval of the target picture name (dog). Here we introduce a novel variant of the PWI paradigm in which we present 8 words prior to a to be named target picture. Within this set, the number of words categorically related was varied between 3 and 5, and the picture to be named was either related or unrelated to the respective category. To disentangle interacting effects of semantic context we combined different naming paradigms manipulating the number of competitors and assessing the effect of repeated naming instances. Evaluating processing of the cohort by eye-tracking provided us with a metric of the (implicit) recognition of the semantic cohort. Results replicate the interference effect in that overall naming of pictures categorically related to the distractor set was slower compared to unrelated pictures. However, interference did not increase with increasing number of distractors. Tracking this effect across naming repetitions, we found that interference is prominent at the first naming instance of every picture only, whereby it is stable across distractor conditions, but dissipates across the experiment. Regarding eye-tracking our data show that participants fixated longer on semantically related items, indicating the identification of the lexico-semantic cohort. Our findings confirm the validity of the novel paradigm and indicate that besides interference during first exposure, repeated exposure to the semantic context may facilitate picture naming and counteract lexical interference.

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Chronset: An automated tool for detecting speech onset

Cited by 69 publications

References 35 publications

How do bilinguals switch between languages in different interactional contexts? A comparison between voluntary and mandatory language switching

How do bilinguals switch between languages in different interactional contexts? A comparison between voluntary and mandatory language switching

Grouping mechanisms in numerosity perception

A novel multi-word paradigm for investigating semantic context effects in language production

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