Chronoscopic reading in whole body reaction times in detecting cognitive dysfunction in metabolic syndrome: A case control study

Khode, Vitthal; Ramdurg, Santosh; Parakh, Rajendra Kumar; Ruikar, Komal; Anupama, Deepak

doi:10.4103/0019-5359.115215

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Further, participants with obesity responded slower throughout the task than lean subjects. This is a common finding with respect to both simple (e.g., Khode et al, 2012 ; Gentier et al, 2013 ; Hagger-Johnson et al, 2014 ) and cognitive more demanding tasks (e.g., Nederkoorn et al, 2012 ; Gentier et al, 2013 ; Kamijo et al, 2014 ). In addition, men decided faster in trials involving monetary compared to food reward.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Is it Worth the Effort? Novel Insights into Obesity-Associated Alterations in Cost-Benefit Decision-Making

Mathar

Horstmann

Pleger

et al. 2016

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Cost-benefit decision-making entails the process of evaluating potential actions according to the trade-off between the expected reward (benefit) and the anticipated effort (costs). Recent research revealed that dopaminergic transmission within the fronto-striatal circuitry strongly modulates cost-benefit decision-making. Alterations within the dopaminergic fronto-striatal system have been associated with obesity, but little is known about cost-benefit decision-making differences in obese compared with lean individuals. With a newly developed experimental task we investigate obesity-associated alterations in cost-benefit decision-making, utilizing physical effort by handgrip-force exertion and both food and non-food rewards. We relate our behavioral findings to alterations in local gray matter volume assessed by structural MRI. Obese compared with lean subjects were less willing to engage in physical effort in particular for high-caloric sweet snack food. Further, self-reported body dissatisfaction negatively correlated with the willingness to invest effort for sweet snacks in obese men. On a structural level, obesity was associated with reductions in gray matter volume in bilateral prefrontal cortex. Nucleus accumbens volume positively correlated with task induced implicit food craving. Our results challenge the common notion that obese individuals are willing to work harder to obtain high-caloric food and emphasize the need for further exploration of the underlying neural mechanisms regarding cost-benefit decision-making differences in obesity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Is it Worth the Effort? Novel Insights into Obesity-Associated Alterations in Cost-Benefit Decision-Making

Mathar

Horstmann

Pleger

et al. 2016

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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show abstract

“…RT has physiological significance and is a simple and non-invasive test for peripheral as well as central neural structures. [13] Without some degree of alertness and attention it is not possible to engage in complex cognitive processing. Interestingly, alertness and vigilance also appear to be the cognitive capacities most consistently and dramatically impacted by insufficient sleep.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of altered circadian rhythm on quality of sleep and its association with cognition in shift nurses

Vijaykumar¹,

Kiran²,

Karne³

2017

Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol

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Background: Exposure to shift works and especially to night shifts goes against the circadian rhythm of the social man which brings about a multitude of disruptive effects on health such as sleep disturbances, day sleepiness, decreased cognitive performance, fatigue, increased risk of accidents, poor quality of life, and vigilance troubles. Aims and Objectives: Evaluate sleep quality and its association with cognition among hospital shift working nurses. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study to investigate the quality of sleep and association with cognition among shift working nurses. 50 of each night, day shift workers and those who never exposed to shift work participated in this study (n = 150). Sleep quality and seven domains of sleep, subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction were assessed using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) questionnaire. Cognitive performance was ev aluated using reaction time (RT) test. Inter-and intra-group analysis was done using ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc analysis using SPSS 20 software. Results: Global score of PSQI, subjective sleep quality, sleep duration, and sleep medication was statistically high among night shift nurses suggesting poor sleep quality compared to day shift and controls (P = 0.021, P = 0.021, P = 0.00, P = 0.00). Intragroup analysis shows that simple visual RT and choice visual RT are significantly high in night shift nurses when compared to day shift and controls (P = 0.00). Positive correlationwas found between global PSQI score with RT (r = 0.096). Conclusion: Night shift workers have poor quality of sleep when compared to day shift workers and those who were never exposed to shift work. Our study also concludes that poor quality of sleep has strong association with reduced cognition.

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Cross-sectional associations between metabolic syndrome and performance across cognitive domains: A systematic review

Alcorn

Hart

Smith

et al. 2017

Applied Neuropsychology: Adult

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This review aimed to systematically evaluate associations between the Metabolic Syndrome and domain specific cognitive performance from cross-sectional studies. PsycINFO and Medline were searched on 12 January 2017 with the terms "Metabolic Syndrome" and "cogni*." A total of 973 articles were identified, with 26 meeting inclusion criteria. Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome were consistently reported to have poorer performance on executive function tasks that were not adaptations of the verbal fluency task, including the Stockings of Cambridge test, Color-Word Inference Test and Frontal Assessment Battery; findings from adaptations of the verbal fluency test showed less consistent results. Associations with performance in attention/working memory/information processing, memory, language, and construction/motor performance domains were mixed. All studies reporting on perception showed nonsignificant results. Non-language based executive function tasks appear to be the most sensitive tests of Metabolic Syndrome, and hold promise as a cognitive screen and for the tracking of interventions in this group.

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Chronoscopic reading in whole body reaction times in detecting cognitive dysfunction in metabolic syndrome: A case control study

Abstract: WBCRTC1 can be used as a tool to detect cognitive dysfunction.

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Is it Worth the Effort? Novel Insights into Obesity-Associated Alterations in Cost-Benefit Decision-Making

Is it Worth the Effort? Novel Insights into Obesity-Associated Alterations in Cost-Benefit Decision-Making

Influence of altered circadian rhythm on quality of sleep and its association with cognition in shift nurses

Cross-sectional associations between metabolic syndrome and performance across cognitive domains: A systematic review

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