Chronology of the Yayoi skeletal remains from the Kanto district, Japan: a preliminary re-evaluation by radiocarbon dating of postcranial material

Yoneda, Minoru; Saso, Aiko; Suzuki, Ryō; Shibata, Yasuyuki; Morita, Masatoshi; Suwa, Gen; Akazawa, Takeru

doi:10.1537/ase.040622

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…To determine which of the skeletons from this site were those of the Okhotsk culture, the one of us (M.Y.) undertook the radiocarbon dating of the Moyoro series using NIES-TERRA, the accelerator facility of the Institute of Environmental Studies located in Tsukuba City, Japan (Yoneda et al, 2005;Matsumura et al, 2006 The comparative samples used in this study consist of the following 19 groups: Jomon, Hokkaido Ainu, Sakhalin Ainu, Yayoi, modern main-island Japanese, Kumejima, Northern Chinese, Aleut, Neolithic Baikalian, Buryat, Chukchi, Ekven (Iron Age), Asian Eskimo, Kazakh, Mongolian, Amur (Nanay, Negidal, Oroch, and Ulch), Nivkh, Russian, and Tagar (Iron Age, southern Siberia). The Jomon from the middle to latest periods (c. 5300-2300 BP) were mainly from the main Japanese islands of Hokkaido and Honshu.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonmetric cranial variation in human skeletal remains associated with Okhotsk culture

Komesu

Hanihara

Amano

et al. 2008

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Population affinities and biological variation in human skeletal series associated with the Okhotsk culture from Hokkaido and Sakhalin Islands from the 5th to 12th centuries AD are investigated using 19 nonmetric cranial traits. The Okhotsk crania have a higher frequency of the supraorbital foramen than the Hokkaido Ainu and Jomon, while the frequency of the transverse zygomatic suture vestige in the Okhotsk is as high as in the Jomon. The mean measure of divergence between the northern and eastern Okhotsk cranial assemblages is small and insignificant. The method of Relethford and Blangero [Relethford J.H. and Blangero J. (1990) Human Biology, 62: 5-25] suggests that the eastern Okhotsk had a larger Rii value (distance from the centroid) and a lower observed variation than the northern Okhotsk, indicating that the eastern Okhotsk lost phenotypic variability. These results further reaffirm the affinity between the Okhotsk skeletal series and Northeast Asian series such as the Neolithic Baikalian and Amur. Finally, the results of analyses of nonmetric cranial variation demonstrate a close relationship between the Okhotsk, Ainu, and Jomon series that suggests that the Jomon and Ainu were closer to the Okhotsk than to other Northeast Asian series prior to any admixture.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonmetric cranial variation in human skeletal remains associated with Okhotsk culture

Komesu

Hanihara

Amano

et al. 2008

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“…2300-2340 BP (e.g. Kondo and Matsu'ura, 2005;Yoneda et al, 2005). It is generally agreed, based on cranial and dental morphology, that Jomon period populations are direct ancestors of the Hokkaido Ainu (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-metric dental trait variation among local sites and regional groups of the Neolithic Jomon period, Japan

Matsumura

2007

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Inter-populational heterogeneity of the Neolithic Jomon hunter-gatherers of Japan was examined via 21 non-metric dental traits. Skeletal samples from nine local sites and five regional groups of the middle to final stages of the Jomon period were analyzed, and inter-site comparisons were made among five representative sites (Ubayama, Nakazuma, Ikawazu, Yoshiko, and Tsukumo). Statistically significant differences were found in 4/21 traits in the inter-site comparisons, and in 5/21 traits in the inter-regional comparisons between the Hokkaido, Tohoku, Kanto, Tokai, and Sanyo groups. Smith's distances suggest that the inter-regional differences within the Jomon assemblages are minor when compared with differences from the non-Jomon samples such as the Yayoi immigrants, Kofun, and modern Japanese. Furthermore, examination of the wider geographical variation of the Jomon people (eastern versus western) revealed significant differences in only 2/21 traits. Distance analysis showed that the eastern and western Jomon groups clustered together, and exhibited the greatest affinities with present-day Southeast Asians among comparable East Asian and Pacific population samples. The Jomon people can be collectively regarded as relatively homogeneous, within the broader context of East Asian and Pacific intra-population variation.

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“…Two-way ANOVA tests for the effects of sex and population group (Jomon vs. modern Japanese) were performed on each of raw measurements, the indices, and the size-standardized values (calculated by b Yoneda et al (2005). c Yamasaki and Takahashi (2007).…”

Section: Assessment Of Endocranial Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocranial proportions and postorbital morphology of the Minatogawa I and IV Late Pleistocene <i>Homo sapiens</i> crania from Okinawa Island, Japan

Kubo

Kono

Suwa

2012

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The purpose of this paper is to clarify the endocranial and postorbital morphologies of the terminal Pleistocene Minatogawa people, and obtain insights into their evolutionary background and genealogical relationships. The Minatogawa I and IV crania were compared with 83 Homo sapiens specimens (including 19 prehistoric Jomon). Metric comparative analyses and observational evaluations revealed that the two Minatogawa endocrania are characterized by a common suite of features (or tendency), including a small endocranial volume, relatively low endocranial shape, distinctly broad temporal region (qualitatively associated with the strong temporal bulge), weak parietal boss, and weakly swollen frontal bulge. Postorbital constriction was confirmed to be strong, relative to both upper facial breadth and maximum cranial breadth. Partial correlation analysis and bivariate comparisons were performed to examine the possible associations of Minatogawa's strong postorbital constriction. The results suggest that constriction relative to the face is predominantly due to a large facial breadth (frontal endocranium not so narrow in Minatogawa I), and also in part to strong neuro-orbital disjunction, while constriction relative to the posterior cranium is largely attributable to endocranial shape. Comparisons with modern/recent H. sapiens materials and limited but informative outgroup specimens (Skhul V, and an example of Homo erectus, Daka) suggests that some of the features characteristic of Minatogawa are possibly ancestral retentions of early H. sapiens (e.g. strong temporal bulge, marked postorbital constriction relative to the face), while others are probably derived population features (e.g. a small endocranial volume, weakly swollen frontal bulge, marked postorbital constriction relative to the posterior cranium). In overall endocranial proportions, the Jomon tend to lie closer to Minatogawa than does the modern Japanese, but such morphologies were also found in individuals of other populations, and thus the similarity does not necessarily support the hypothesis of Minatogawa-Jomon genealogical closeness.

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Chronology of the Yayoi skeletal remains from the Kanto district, Japan: a preliminary re-evaluation by radiocarbon dating of postcranial material

Cited by 13 publications

References 51 publications

Nonmetric cranial variation in human skeletal remains associated with Okhotsk culture

Nonmetric cranial variation in human skeletal remains associated with Okhotsk culture

Non-metric dental trait variation among local sites and regional groups of the Neolithic Jomon period, Japan

Endocranial proportions and postorbital morphology of the Minatogawa I and IV Late Pleistocene <i>Homo sapiens</i> crania from Okinawa Island, Japan

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