Chronic toxicity of nitrate to Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei: Impacts on survival, growth, antennae length, and pathology

Kuhn, David D.; Smith, Stephen A.; Boardman, Gregory D.; Angier, Matthew W.; Marsh, Lori S.; Flick, George J.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.09.014

Cited by 124 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Nitrate is much less toxic than either of the preceding compounds; however, at high concentrations nitrate can reduce shrimp growth and survival (Kuhn et al, 2010). Often the process of nitrification functions reliably once it is established, but establishment can be inconsistent especially with respect to the oxidation of nitrite Ray et al, 2011b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparing a chemoautotrophic-based biofloc system and three heterotrophic-based systems receiving different carbohydrate sources

Ray

Lotz

2014

Aquacultural Engineering

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparing a chemoautotrophic-based biofloc system and three heterotrophic-based systems receiving different carbohydrate sources

Ray

Lotz

2014

Aquacultural Engineering

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“…Dentre esses processos, a osmorregulação e a respiração podem ser afetadas, resultando em baixo consumo alimentar, baixa taxa de crescimento específi co ou mesmo mortalidade dos camarões (KUHN et al, 2010). No período de muda, os camarões estão mais sensíveis às diferentes ações dos compostos nitrogenados, e por essa razão, os animais que estavam na muda foram desconsiderados na avaliação do consumo alimentar.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…As concentrações dos compostos nitrogenados podem afetar o consumo alimentar dos organismos cultivados e/ou causar mortalidade (KUHN et al, 2010). O conhecimento do consumo alimentar é fundamental para o manejo alimentar, a fi m de evitar a administração excessiva de alimento que compromete a qualidade da água, assim como um fornecimento insufi ciente de alimento que afete o crescimento (SOARES et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Compostos nitrogenados sobre o consumo alimentar de camarão-rosa Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis

et al. 2013

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“…Moreover, Colt and Armstrong (1981) stated that the growth of the shrimp M. rosenbergii decreased by 50% at a concentration of 180 mg/L NO 3 --N and Spotte (1979) reported that approximately 20 mg/L NO 3 -N would be the acceptable level of nitrate for seawater culture. Kuhn et al (2010) demonstrated that 200 mg/L NO 3 --N at salinity 11 ppt would be safe to juveniles L. vannamei. However, in the current study, juvenile F. paulensis exposed to 80.7 mg/L NO 3 --N, presented lower growth rates compared to control indicating that this species is more sensitive to nitrate than other crustaceans.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the product of nitrification, this compound can accumulate in large quantities, especially in closed aquaculture systems (Spieck and Bock, 2005;Thurston et al, 1978) such as Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) (Kuhn et al, 2010) and Biofloc Technology (BFT) (Luo et al, 2013). Thus, this substance can cause lethal or sublethal (Kuhn et al, 2010) effects to aquatic organisms or act synergistically with other nitrogenous compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic effects of nitrogenous compounds on survival and growth of juvenile pink shrimp

et al. 2016

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In response to growing worldwide market demand, intensive shrimp farming, based on high feed, has developed over the past decade. The nitrogenous compounds mainly generated by animal excretion can cause deterioration of water quality and produce chronic or even acute toxicity to aquatic animals. As prevention, theoretical safety levels have been estimated from acute toxicity tests and they are traditionally used to prevent toxic effects on biota. However, are those concentrations of nitrogenous compounds really safe to Farfantepenaeus paulensis? The current study aimed to investigate the lethal and sublethal effects of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate to juvenile F. paulensis based on safety levels. Each experiment was performed independently in 100 L tanks for 30 days. The survival rates and wet weight of all shrimps were recorded every 10 days. The concentrations tested for ammonia, nitrite and nitrate were respectively: Keywords: ammonia, aquaculture, nitrate, nitrite, water quality. Efeito crônico de compostos nitrogenados sobre a sobrevivência e crescimento de juvenis de camarão rosa ResumoEm resposta à crescente demanda do mercado mundial, a carcinicultura intensiva tem se desenvolvido ao longo da última década. Os compostos nitrogenados gerados principalmente pela excreção dos animais podem causar a deterioração da qualidade da água e produzir toxicidade crônica ou mesmo aguda para os animais cultivados. Como prevenção, os níveis de segurança teóricos são estimados a partir de testes de toxicidade aguda e são tradicionalmente usados para evitar efeitos tóxicos sobre a biota. No entanto, as estimativas das concentrações dos compostos nitrogenados são realmente seguras para Farfantepenaeus paulensis? O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar os efeitos letais e subletais da amônia, nitrito e nitrato em juvenis de camarão marinho F. paulensis com base em níveis de segurança. Cada experimento foi realizado de forma independente em tanques com capacidade de 100 L durante 30 dias. As taxas de sobrevivência e peso úmido de todos os camarões foram registrados a cada 10 dias. As concentrações testadas para amônia, nitrito e nitrato foram respectivamente: "T 1/4 ", um quarto do nível de segurança (0,91 mg/L N-AT, 2,55 mg/L de N-NO 2 -e 80,7 mg/L N-NO 3 -); "T SL ", nível de segurança (3,65 mg/L N-AT, 10,2 mg/L de N-NO 2 -e 323 mg/L N-NO 3 -); e "T 2X ", duas vezes o nível de segurança (7,30 mg/L N-AT, 20,4 mg/L de N-NO 2 -e 646 mg/L de N-NO 3 -). Para a criação de F. paulensis, o nível de segurança real para nitrito foi estimado em 2,55 mg/L N-NO 2 -. Para amônia e nitrato, concentrações recomendadas foram: <0,91 mg/L N-AT correspondente a 0,045 mg/L N-NH 3 e <80,7 mg/L N-NO 3 -, respectivamente.Palavras-chave: amônia, aquicultura, nitrato, nitrito, qualidade da água.

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Chronic toxicity of nitrate to Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei: Impacts on survival, growth, antennae length, and pathology

Cited by 124 publications

References 31 publications

Comparing a chemoautotrophic-based biofloc system and three heterotrophic-based systems receiving different carbohydrate sources

Comparing a chemoautotrophic-based biofloc system and three heterotrophic-based systems receiving different carbohydrate sources

Compostos nitrogenados sobre o consumo alimentar de camarão-rosa Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis

Chronic effects of nitrogenous compounds on survival and growth of juvenile pink shrimp

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