Chronic swimming training resulted in more relaxed coronary arterioles in male and enhanced vasoconstrictor ability in female rats

Török, Marianna; Horváth, Eszter; Monori-Kiss, Anna; Pál, Éva; Gerszi, Dóra; Merkely, Petra; Sayour, Alex Ali; Mátyás, Csaba; Oláh, Attila; Radovits, Tamás; Merkely, Béla; Ács, Nándor; Nádasy, György L.; Várbı́ró, Szabolcs

doi:10.23736/s0022-4707.20.11316-1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Similar results have been found in a previous study on coronary arterioles of swimming rats, in which the myogenic tone of trained male rats was significantly lower than that of females ( Török et al,2020a,b ). In contrast, the maximum contraction caused by noradrenaline was significantly increased in our trained female animals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Sex Differences in Exercise-Training-Related Functional and Morphological Adaptation of Rat Gracilis Muscle Arterioles

et al. 2021

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BackgroundThe cardiovascular effects of training have been widely investigated; however, few studies have addressed sex differences in arteriolar adaptation. In the current study, we examined the adaptation of the gracilis arterioles of male and female rats in response to intensive training.MethodsWistar rats were divided into four groups: male exercise (ME) and female exercise (FE) animals that underwent a 12-week intensive swim-training program (5 days/week, 200 min/day); and male control (MC) and female control (FC) animals that were placed in water for 5 min daily. Exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy was confirmed by echocardiography. Following the training, the gracilis muscle arterioles were prepared, and their biomechanical properties and functional reactivity were tested, using pressure arteriography. Collagen and smooth muscle remodeling were observed in the histological sections.ResultsLeft ventricular mass was elevated in both sexes in response to chronic training. In the gracilis arterioles, the inner radius and wall tension increased in female animals, and the wall thickness and elastic modulus were reduced in males. Myogenic tone was reduced in the ME group, whereas norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction was elevated in the FE group. More pronounced collagen staining was observed in the ME group than in the MC group. Relative hypertrophy and tangential stress of the gracilis arterioles were higher in females than in males. The direct vasoconstriction induced by testosterone was lower in females and was reduced as an effect of exercise in males.ConclusionThe gracilis muscle arteriole was remodeled as a result of swim training, and this adaptation was sex dependent.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Sex Differences in Exercise-Training-Related Functional and Morphological Adaptation of Rat Gracilis Muscle Arterioles

et al. 2021

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“…After 12 weeks of training, we observed sex differences concerning adaptation mechanisms. Regarding coronaries, we found that the arteriolar segments contractibility was increased in females and relaxation capacity was increased in males [ 10 ]. Regarding the gracilis arteriole, tangential wall stress and norepinephrine-induced contraction were elevated in female rats compared to in male animals [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Sex and Exercise on Femoral Artery Function: More Favorable Adaptation in Male Rats

Vezér

Jósvai²,

Bányai

et al. 2023

Life

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Blood flow increases in arteries of the skeletal muscles involved in active work. Our aim was to investigate the gender differences as a result of adaptation to sport in the femoral arteries. Vascular reactivity and histology of animals were compared following a 12-week swimming training. Animals were divided into sedentary male (MS), trained male (MTr), sedentary female (FS), and trained female (FTr) groups. Isolated femoral artery rings were examined by wire myography. Contraction induced by phenylephrine (Phe) did not differ between the four groups. The contractile ability in the presence of indomethacin (INDO) was decreased in both sedentary groups. However, we found a specific cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) role only in FS rats. After exercise training, we observed increased vasoconstriction in both sexes, when nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) was present. The COX-dependent vasoconstriction effect disappeared in MTr animals, and the COX-2-dependent vasoconstriction effect disappeared in FTr ones. Relaxation was reduced significantly, when L-NAME was present in MTr animals compared to in FTr rats. The training was associated with greater endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein expression in males, but not in females. The present study proves that there are gender differences regarding adaptation mechanisms of musculocutaneous arteries to sports training. In males, relaxation reserve capacity was markedly elevated compared to in females.

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Sex differences in rat renal arterial responses following exercise training

Vezér

Demeter

Szekeres

et al. 2022

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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During aerobic exercise, hemodynamic alterations occure; while blood flow in skeletal muscle arteries increases, it decreases in visceral vessels due to mesenterial vasoconstriction. However, maintaining renal blood flow during intensive sport is also a priority. Our aim was to investigate the changes of vascular reactivity and histology of isolated renal artery of male and female rats in response to swim-training. Wistar rats were distributed into four groups: male sedentary (MSed), male trained (MTr), female sedentary (FSed), and female trained (FTr). Trained animals underwent a 12-week-long intensive swimming program. Vascular function of isolated renal artery segments was examined by wire myography. Phenylephrine-induced contraction was lower in FSed compared to MSed animals, and it was decreased by training in male but not in female animals. Inhibition of cyclooxygenases by indomethacin reduced contraction in both sedentary groups, and in MTr but not in FTr animals. Inhibition of nitric oxide production increased contraction in both trained groups. Acetylcholine induced relaxation was similar in all experimental groups showing predominant NO-dependency. Elastin and smooth muscle cell actin density was reduced in female rats after aerobic training. This study shows that, as a result of 12-weeks-long training, there are sex differences in renal arterial responses following exercise training. Swimming moderates renal artery vasoconstriction in male animals, while it depresses elastic fiber and smooth muscle actin density in females.

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Chronic swimming training resulted in more relaxed coronary arterioles in male and enhanced vasoconstrictor ability in female rats

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Sex Differences in Exercise-Training-Related Functional and Morphological Adaptation of Rat Gracilis Muscle Arterioles

Sex Differences in Exercise-Training-Related Functional and Morphological Adaptation of Rat Gracilis Muscle Arterioles

Impact of Sex and Exercise on Femoral Artery Function: More Favorable Adaptation in Male Rats

Sex differences in rat renal arterial responses following exercise training

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