Chronic sleep restriction promotes brain inflammation and synapse loss, and potentiates memory impairment induced by amyloid-β oligomers in mice

Association Between Daily Sleep Duration and Risk of Dementia and Mortality in a Japanese Community

“…One possible mechanism is that poor sleep quality may promote brain aging through the accumulation of β‐amyloid, which is closely associated with developing AD because sleep has been shown to promote β‐amyloid clearance by increasing the activity of the glymphatic clearance pathway . Another possible mechanism may be that sleep disturbance activates low‐grade inflammation . Chronic low‐grade inflammation is associated with activation of microglia in the brain and risk of diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, cancer, and depression—all of which are recognized risk factors for dementia or death .…”

“…32 Another possible mechanism may be that sleep disturbance activates lowgrade inflammation. 33 Chronic low-grade inflammation is associated with activation of microglia in the brain and risk of diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, cancer, and depression-all of which are recognized risk factors for dementia or death. 34 Moreover, sleep apnea has been recognized to be closely associated with impaired sleep quality.…”

The role of sleep and wakefulness in myelin plasticity

“…Microglial cells are also activated by sleep loss (Hsu et al, ; Bellesi et al, ). Activated microglia can release cytokines such as interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α and elevated levels of these proinflmmatory cytokines have been found associated with sleep deprivation in both rodents and humans (Mullington et al, ; Kincheski et al, ; Manchanda et al, ). IL‐1β and TNF‐α negatively modulate OPC proliferation and survival and ultimately may limit de‐novo myelination (Selmaj and Raine, ; Vela et al, ; Schmitz and Chew, ).…”

Aging successfully and healthfully

“…Sleep, in particular, has the potential to greatly improve health and functioning in older adults. Studies have linked sleep disturbances with increased amyloid burden and subsequent memory impairments (Brown et al, 2016;Kincheski et al, 2017). Poor sleep has been linked with poor mental and physical health outcomes as well as increased systemic inflammation.…”