Chronic risk assessment of exposure to volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere near the largest Mediterranean industrial site

Pollution profiles, health risk of VOCs and biohazards emitted from municipal solid waste transfer station and elimination by an integrated biological-photocatalytic flow system: A pilot-scale investigation

“…S5a), the HRs of all calculated 11 VOCs during compressor working were much and far higher than those during compressor off and at CA, respectively. Moreover, the HRs were by far less than 1 for all studied VOCs, indicating that their concentrations were usually below the level of concern [25]. Nevertheless, HRs of few VOCs were over 0.1 (potential concern) [42], like trimethylbenzene with the highest HR (0.715 (compressor working) and 0.567 (compressor off)), followed with benzene (0.234 (compressor working) and 0.174 (compressor off)), and m,p-xylene (0.123 (compressor working)).…”

“…(3). The reference concentrations for each VOC were taken from the reference [25]. Lifetime cancer risk (LCR) was calculated by multiplying each compound's unit risk (UR) values, as shown in Eq.…”

The health risk attenuation by simultaneous elimination of atmospheric VOCs and POPs from an e-waste dismantling workshop by an integrated de-dusting with decontamination technique

“…2 shows, before the treatment, the hazard ratios of benzene (3.46) on day 1 and m/p-xylene (1.07) on day 10 were both higher than 1. This indicates that their concentrations exceed the reference levels of concern [35,36]. Other VOCs had hazard ratios ranging from 0.1 to 1, including m/p-xylene (0.79 on day 1), benzene (0.55, 0.12 and 0.15 on days 10, 20 and 30), o-xylene (0.34 and 0.32 on days 1 and 10), and toluene (0.13 on day 1).…”

Iron-functionalized titanium dioxide on flexible glass fibers for photocatalysis of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and o-xylene (BTEX) under visible- or ultraviolet-light irradiation

“…The photocatalysts were then dip-coated on to flexible GFs to prepare GF-Fe-TiO 2 composites, and their photocatalytic activity was determined for the degradation of low-concentration toxic air pollutants (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and o-xylene [BTEX]). These pollutants were selected based on their prevalence in urban indoor and outdoor environments (Esplugues et al, 2010) as well as their associated health hazards (Ramírez et al, 2012). Atmospheric BTEX mainly originates from anthropogenic sources such as motor vehicle exhaust gases, combustion emissions, and a variety of industrial handling and storage processes (Leuchner and Rappenglück, 2010).…”