Chronic Powder Diet After Weaning Induces Sleep, Behavioral, Neuroanatomical, and Neurophysiological Changes in Mice

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to clarify the effects of chronic powder diet feeding on sleep patterns and other physiological/anatomical changes in mice. C57BL/6 male mice were divided into two groups from weaning: a group fed with solid food (SD) and a group fed with powder food (PD), and sleep and physiological and anatomical changes were compared between the groups. PD exhibited less cranial bone structure development and a significant weight gain. Furthermore, these PD mice showed reduced number of neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Sleep analysis showed that PD induced attenuated diurnal sleep/wake rhythm, characterized by increased sleep during active period and decreased sleep during rest period. With food deprivation (FD), PD showed less enhancement of wake/locomotor activity compared to SD, indicating reduced food-seeking behavior during FD. These results suggest that powder feeding in mice results in a cluster of detrimental symptoms caused by abnormal energy metabolism and anatomical/neurological changes.

Functional Analysis of Rhythmic Jaw Movements Evoked by Electrical Stimulation of the Cortical Masticatory Area During Low Occlusal Loading in Growing Rats

“…Currently, modern dietary forms tend to be soft and easily digested, which dramatically influences the growth of a normal stomatognathic system (Proffit et al, 1998). Prolonged changes in masticatory function could lead to altered craniofacial morphology (Hichijo et al, 2014;Kufley et al, 2017), development of muscle fibers of masticatory muscles (Grunheid et al, 2009;Kawai et al, 2010), and neuronal connections in the hippocampus (Okihara et al, 2014;Anegawa et al, 2015). Recent studies have suggested that changes in masticatory function have an influence in motor representations within the sensorimotor cortex (Avivi-Arber et al, 2010a,b, 2015.…”

Effects of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors on Depression-Like Behavior in a Laser-Induced Shock Wave Model

“…The number of cells stained with both Brd-U and DCX in the left hippocampal DG was counted in a blinded manner using BZ-X710® (Keyence, Osaka, Japan). Six DG regions were selected from −2.06 to +2.54 mm anteroposterior to bregma in each mouse ( 21 , 31 ).…”

The Functions of Human Touch: An Integrative Review

“…Animal Data Relative to solid foods, soft foods seem to increase food intake, weight gain and result in adverse metabolic changes in rats, but these effects may be dependent on the type of soft-feed diet used (Anegawa et al, 2015;Desmarchelier et al, 2013;Ford, 1977;Han et al, 2018;Oka et al, 2003). Softer foods are probably preferred to harder foods because they are easier and faster to eat and digest, which may then increase preference via associative learning.…”