Chronic periodontitis and reduced respiratory function

Winning, Lewis; Patterson, Christopher; Cullen, Kathy; Kee, Frank; Linden, Gerard

doi:10.1111/jcpe.13076

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Dental plaques contain pathogens which could aggravate the state of pneumonia ( Olsen, 2015 ), including P. gingivalis , which can synergistically enhance pathogenicity ( Miller et al, 2018 ). Poor oral hygiene habits can lead to the accumulation of many periodontal microorganisms in the oral cavity, and oral dysbiosis can accelerate lung function decline ( Takeuchi et al, 2018 ; Winning et al, 2019 ), which in turn can increase the incidence of pneumonia ( Kumar, 2017 ). A one-year longitudinal study of 60 dependent elderly showed that the amount of respiratory pathogens colonizing the tongue and calculus, e.g., P. aeruginosa and H. influenzae , were high risk factors for pneumonia progression, while oral hygiene measures, such as removal of calculus and tongue biofilm, helped to reduce this ( Hong et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Co-infection Of Oral Microbiome and Sars-cov-2 In The Lungsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Microbiome and SARS-CoV-2: Beware of Lung Co-infection

et al. 2020

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The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the cause of COVID-19, has become a public health emergency of global concern. Like the SARS and influenza pandemics, there have been a large number of cases coinfected with other viruses, fungi, and bacteria, some of which originate from the oral cavity. Capnocytophaga , Veillonella , and other oral opportunistic pathogens were found in the BALF of the COVID-19 patients by mNGS. Risk factors such as poor oral hygiene, cough, increased inhalation under normal or abnormal conditions, and mechanical ventilation provide a pathway for oral microorganisms to enter the lower respiratory tract and thus cause respiratory disease. Lung hypoxia, typical symptoms of COVID-19, would favor the growth of anaerobes and facultative anaerobes originating from the oral microbiota. SARS-CoV-2 may aggravate lung disease by interacting with the lung or oral microbiota via mechanisms involving changes in cytokines, T cell responses, and the effects of host conditions such as aging and the oral microbiome changes due to systemic diseases. Because the oral microbiome is closely associated with SARS-CoV-2 co-infections in the lungs, effective oral health care measures are necessary to reduce these infections, especially in severe COVID-19 patients. We hope this review will draw attention from both the scientific and clinical communities on the role of the oral microbiome in the current global pandemic.

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Section: Co-infection Of Oral Microbiome and Sars-cov-2 In The Lungsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Microbiome and SARS-CoV-2: Beware of Lung Co-infection

et al. 2020

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“…A significant association between COPD and periodontitis was identified with an odds ratio of 2.08 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.48–2.91), p < .001 (Zeng et al, 2012). Further evidence for an association comes from more recent studies conducted at a population level (Chung, Hwang, Kim, & Kim, 2016; Holtfreter et al, 2013; Perez Barrionuevo et al, 2018; Takeuchi et al, 2018, 2019; Winning, Patterson, Cullen, Kee, & Linden, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Periodontitis and airflow limitation in older Swedish individuals

Winning

Polyzois

Berglund

et al. 2020

J Clinic Periodontology

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Aim To investigate whether there was an association between periodontitis and airflow limitation in older Swedish individuals. Materials and Methods Study individuals were randomly selected from the Swedish civil registration database representing the ageing population in Karlskrona, Sweden. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed, alongside which participants completed questionnaires gathering information on their medical history, social circumstances, demographic background and tobacco use. A physical examination assessed anthropometric measures. Standard spirometry was performed to identify subjects with airflow limitation. Periodontitis was defined based on radiographic periodontal bone loss. Analysis included multiple logistic regression with adjustment for various confounders. Results A total of 826 Caucasian dentate subjects were included in the analysis. The median age of participants was 73.2 (IQR 66–81) years, and 443 (54.6%) subjects were female. Eighty‐six (10.4%) individuals presented with airflow limitation. The proportion of participants presenting with periodontitis in the airflow limitation group was 65.1% compared to 41.5% with normal respiratory function (p < .001). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that periodontitis was independently associated with airflow limitation with an odds ratio of 2.31 (95% CI 1.27–4.22) p < .01. Conclusion In this group of older dentate individuals, periodontitis was significantly associated with airflow limitation independent of other known risk factors.

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“…Considering that periodontitis involves interacting bacterial pathogens, including their toxic factors and host inflammatory responses, it has a multifactorial etiology with a marked inflammatory profile ( Papapanou et al, 2018 ). Chronic recurrent periodontal inflammation could destroy the tooth support organization; further, there is increasing evidence that periodontal disease is an important risk factor for systemic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and reduced respiratory function ( Preshaw et al, 2012 ; Hamilton et al, 2017 ; Winning et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontitis Induced by P. gingivalis-LPS Is Associated With Neuroinflammation and Learning and Memory Impairment in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Zhang

et al. 2020

Front. Neurosci.

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Background Periodontitis is one of the most common oral diseases and is a potential risk factor for systemic diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between periodontitis and learning and memory impairment. Methods We established a periodontitis model by topical application of Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide ( P. gingivalis -LPS) into the palatal gingival sulcus of the maxillary first molars of 10-week-old male rats for a 10-week period. We assessed alveolar bone resorption using micro–computed tomography analysis and learning and memory ability using the Morris water maze test. We determined the levels of cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-21] and LPS in the peripheral blood and cortex, as well as toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NF-κB signaling pathway activation, using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and western blot. We determined activation of microglia and astrocytes, expression of Aβ1-42, APP and Tau by immunohistochemistry. Finally, we measured the expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its key secretases, as well as the Aβ1-40/1-42 ratio, by RT-PCR, western blot, and ELISA. Results We found that periodontitis induced learning and memory impairment in the rats. Further, we observed that it induced significant alveolar bone resorption. There was an increase in the levels of inflammatory cytokines and LPS. Moreover, we confirmed TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway activation. We also observed activated microglia and astrocytes with enlarged cell bodies and irregular protrusions. Finally, we observed the promotion of β- and γ-secretases APP processing. Conclusion Our findings indicated that periodontitis was associated with learning and memory impairment, probably induced by neuroinflammation via activating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, abnormal APP processing could be involved in this progress.

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Chronic periodontitis and reduced respiratory function

Cited by 32 publications

References 45 publications

Oral Microbiome and SARS-CoV-2: Beware of Lung Co-infection

Oral Microbiome and SARS-CoV-2: Beware of Lung Co-infection

Periodontitis and airflow limitation in older Swedish individuals

Periodontitis Induced by P. gingivalis-LPS Is Associated With Neuroinflammation and Learning and Memory Impairment in Sprague-Dawley Rats

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