Chronic Pain in a Geographically Defined General Population

Hi, Andersson; Ejlertsson, Göran; Leden, Ido; Rosenberg, Carl

doi:10.1097/00002508-199309000-00004

Cited by 586 publications

(54 citation statements)

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“…Indeed, the ability to perceive pain may be viewed as a physical characteristic of humankind and thus a proof of being alive. Prevalence studies conducted in the general population have shown that pain is common among male and female adults, 1,2 adolescents and children [3][4][5][6] and among people who live in urban [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] and rural [16][17] settings. The precise prevalence rate of persistent or chronic pain in the community varies across studies, with one systematic review suggesting that the point prevalence of pain ranges from 10% to 50%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain as a reason for primary care visits: cross-sectional survey in a rural and periurban health clinic in the Eastern Cape, South Africa

Igumbor

Puoane

Gansky

et al. 2012

South African Family Practice

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Background: The burden of pain in primary care has not been described for South Africa. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of pain in primary care and to characterise pain among adult patients attending a rural and a periurban clinic in the Eastern Cape (EC) Province. Method:A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted among adult patients attending a rural and periurban clinic over four days. Consecutive patients were asked whether they were in the clinic because of pain and whether the pain was the major reason for their visit. Pain was characterised using an adaptation of the Brief Pain Inventory and the Pain Disability Index. The prevalence percentage and the 95% confidence interval (CI) of pain were estimated, and the relationship with demographic variables was determined at a significance level of P < 0.05.Results: Seven hundred and ninety-six adult patients were interviewed, representing a response rate of 97.4%. Almost three-quarters (74.6%; 95% CI: 63.2-81.4%) reported visiting the clinic because of pain. Pain was the primary reason for 393 (49.4%; 95% CI: 32.1-61.0%) visits and was secondary in 201 (25.3%; 95% CI: 12.8-33.7%) visits. The common sites of pain were the head, back and chest. The median pain score was eight on a scale of 0-10 (interquartile range: 6-8).Respondents experienced limitations in a number of activities of daily living as a result of pain. Conclusion:Pain is a central problem in public primary care settings in the EC Province and must therefore be a priority area for primary care research. Strategies are needed to develop to improve pain management at primary care level in the province.Peer reviewed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain as a reason for primary care visits: cross-sectional survey in a rural and periurban health clinic in the Eastern Cape, South Africa

Igumbor

Puoane

Gansky

et al. 2012

South African Family Practice

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“…Low back pain (LBP) is a common chronic musculoskeletal disorder [19,32] that causes significant disability [2,31,33,40]. Specifically, LBP has been associated with the inability to obtain or maintain employment [31] and lost productivity while still employed [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial education improves low back pain beliefs: results from a cluster randomized clinical trial (NCT00373009) in a primary prevention setting

George

Teyhen

et al. 2009

Eur Spine J

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The general population has a pessimistic view of low back pain (LBP), and evidence-based information has been used to positively influence LBP beliefs in previously reported mass media studies. However, there is a lack of randomized trials investigating whether LBP beliefs can be modified in primary prevention settings. This cluster randomized clinical trial investigated the effect of an evidence-based psychosocial educational program (PSEP) on LBP beliefs for soldiers completing military training. A military setting was selected for this clinical trial, because LBP is a common cause of soldier disability. Companies of soldiers (n = 3,792) were recruited, and cluster randomized to receive a PSEP or no education (control group, CG). The PSEP consisted of an interactive seminar, and soldiers were issued the Back Book for reference material. The primary outcome measure was the back beliefs questionnaire (BBQ), which assesses inevitable consequences of and ability to cope with LBP. The BBQ was administered before randomization and 12 weeks later. A linear mixed model was fitted for the BBQ at the 12-week follow-up, and a generalized linear mixed model was fitted for the dichotomous outcomes on BBQ change of greater than two points. Sensitivity analyses were performed to account for drop out. BBQ scores (potential range: 9-45) improved significantly from baseline of 25.6 ± 5.7 (mean ± SD) to 26.9 ± 6.2 for those receiving the PSEP, while there was a significant decline from 26.1 ± 5.7 to 25.6 ± 6.0 for those in the CG. The adjusted mean BBQ score at follow-up for those receiving the PSEP was 1.49 points higher than those in the CG (P \ 0.0001). The adjusted odds ratio of BBQ improvement of greater than two points for those receiving the PSEP was 1.51 (95% CI = 1.22-1.86) times that of those in the CG. BBQ improvement was also mildly associated with race and college education. Sensitivity analyses suggested minimal influence of drop out. In conclusion, soldiers that received the PSEP had an improvement in their beliefs related to the inevitable consequences of and ability to cope with LBP. This is the first randomized trial to show positive influence on LBP beliefs in a primary prevention setting, and these findings have potentially important public health implications for prevention of LBP.

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“…Thus, while several studies have revealed the prevalence and risk factors for CP in developed countries 2,9,10 , studies in developing countries are still scarce and heterogeneous 11,12 and the associated risk factors of CP are still a matter of debate. Population-based studies suggest that CP can be associated with age, gender, socio-economic level 11 , among other co-morbidities 4,9,13,14,15 . Pain is a multidimensional experience that can vary according to cultural, emotional, physical and social characteristics.…”

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence of chronic pain in a metropolitan area of a developing country: a population-based study

Ferreira

Bastos

Andrade

et al. 2016

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Objective To estimate the prevalence of chronic pain (CP) in the adult population living in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, and to identify factors associated with CP in developing countries. Methods A cross-sectional study using a computer-assisted telephone interview in a two-stage stratified sample of adults living in households. Results 2,446 subjects were interviewed. The mean age was 39.8 years old. The majority was female and 42.7% had less than 10 years of education. The prevalence of CP was 28.1%. The independent factors associated with CP were female gender (OR = 2.0; p < 0.001), age older than 65 years (OR = 1.4; p = 0.019) and less than 15 years of education (OR = 1.3-1.6; p < 0.04). Conclusions The prevalence of CP was high and similar to that which has been reported in developed countries. These results raise awareness about CP and may potentially help clinicians and policy makers to design better health care programs for CP treatment in these populations.

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Chronic Pain in a Geographically Defined General Population

Cited by 586 publications

References 0 publications

Pain as a reason for primary care visits: cross-sectional survey in a rural and periurban health clinic in the Eastern Cape, South Africa

Pain as a reason for primary care visits: cross-sectional survey in a rural and periurban health clinic in the Eastern Cape, South Africa

Psychosocial education improves low back pain beliefs: results from a cluster randomized clinical trial (NCT00373009) in a primary prevention setting

Prevalence of chronic pain in a metropolitan area of a developing country: a population-based study

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