Chronic pain: a case for using an integration model

Impact of massage therapy in the treatment of linked pathologies: Scoliosis, costovertebral dysfunction, and thoracic outlet syndrome

“…And since this study dealt with only one individual, it cannot be known whether a conventional approach would have yielded different results. However, Suprina suggests that using an integration model is highly preferable in the treatment of chronic pain (Suprina, 2003). In applying such an integrative paradigm, the author suggests that the most effective treatment series involves concurrently treating linked diseases in the hopes of more easily unraveling the chronic parent dysfunction.…”